Guzi Yangge originated in Shanghe County, Jinan, and has a history of more than a thousand years. It is an art form in which the people sing and dance to celebrate the harvest. The Lantern Festival every year is the 0th day of the Guzi Yangge performance. In the long history, the Shanghe people, year after year, generation after generation, have moistened the land with their blood and sweat, and their labor has changed everything. In the difficult years under specific historical conditions, the hardworking, brave and upright character of the working people has been forged. People have been tempered but not discouraged. They were born, raised, sang and cried on this desolate and vast Lubei Plain, developed production, and created an excellent national folk song and dance-Shanghe Guzi Yangge. The so-called Yangge is a general term for folk songs and dances, but it must be dance-based to be called Yangge. As early as the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, literary and art workers from all over the country went deep into life and found that the folk songs and dances in Shanghe were rich and colorful. In the late 1950s, Shandong experts selected the folk songs and dances in Shanghe, Jiaoxian and Haiyang counties according to the situation of the province and unified them into the three major Shandong Yangge, namely Shanghe Drum Yangge, Jiaozhou Yangge and Haiyang Yangge. At that time, there were many forms of folk songs and dances in Shanghe, including umbrella drum, flower whip drum, Fengyang flower drum, flower stick, tea picking, small car, big head, stilts, letter, dragon lantern, lion bag, lantern official, tiger and bull fight, lotus lantern, single pole bridge, two-person turn, dry boat, donkey running, driving, driving, horse fork, front field, scooping, carrying wife, shaking gourd, hitting fork, haha and more than 30 kinds. Among them, the dance form of "umbrella drum" is the most complete and the cultural connotation is the most profound, so it is focused on excavation and sorting, and gradually "drum Yangge" is used as a synonym for "umbrella drum". More and more people call it, and it becomes a habit. Guzi Yangko is a large-scale square dance that is very popular in northern Shandong. It is also a folk activity for farmers to celebrate a good harvest and the New Year. It is widely spread in Huimin, Leling, Lingxian, Yangxin, Jiyang, Linyi, Pingyuan, Yucheng and other counties and cities centered on Shanghe County. According to a survey in the 1950s, there were 724 villages with Guzi Yangko teams in the 978 natural villages in Shanghe County. Around the 15th day of the first lunar month, from villages to towns, you can hear deafening gongs and drums everywhere, and see crowds following and watching Yangko performances. In the Yangko field, it is not uncommon for three generations of grandparents and grandchildren to dance together, which shows how widely it is spread and how popular it is. Guzi Yangko has a large number of dancers, strict organization, complete forms, powerful and vigorous dance skills, and magnificent scenes. It not only contains a heavy sense of history and culture, but also has a strong contemporary atmosphere and distinct local characteristics. It is known as "a wonder of national folk culture, the pride of Qilu culture", "a concentrated expression of the masculine beauty of Han men's dance in my country, a treasure of dance culture", and "extremely rare in folk dances around the world". In 1955, 1980, 1989, 1992, 1996, and 2002, it represented Shandong Province and Jinan City in the National Folk Dance Competition six times, and won the highest award five times. In 1996, it was named "China Folk Art Hometown" (folk dance) by the Ministry of Culture. In 1999, it went to Beijing to participate in the 50th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. The performance in front of Tiananmen Square was well-known at home and abroad. The basic feature of Yangko performance is "running", so it is called "running Yangko" instead of "twisting Yangko". From the beginning to the end, all the actors kept running, completing the action combinations of each role while running, exchanging feelings with each other and expressing themselves while running. The entire performance venue is like a flowing stage that rotates from left to right, and constantly evolves colorful dance scenes during the rotation. These scenes are the main part of the Yangko performance, called "running scenes". Running scenes are divided into civil scenes, martial scenes, and civil and martial scenes. The civil scene is mainly about running, the dancers do not make any movements, and the drumsticks do not sound. The martial scene dancers make movements at fixed points and at regular times in the specified scenes, and the drumsticks sound in unison. The civil and martial scene dancers take turns to make movements at the center or intersection while running. The civil scene focuses on "running" (formation changes), which is still and moving; the martial scene focuses on "fighting" (action performances), which is exciting and enthusiastic. The combination of civil and martial arts, one after another, fast and slow, and relaxation and tension, is dazzling. The scenes of Yangko are widely drawn and rich in connotation. Their forms come from labor tools, daily necessities, flowers and architecture, clothing and headdresses, as well as historical stories, myths and legends, war formations and other aspects. Its characteristics are outer circle and inner square, and square and round symmetry. Its movement is left in and right out, running in a circle in the circle. Obviously, this regular feature is influenced by my country's traditional aesthetic consciousness and is the inheritance and development of traditional aesthetics. The ancients believed that the sky is round and the earth is square. They used the round sky to summarize and understand the repetitive changes in nature, and used the place to identify the differences of things, which became the aesthetic standard for regulating people's moral behavior. The outer circle and inner square of Yangko scenes, and the square and round symmetry, are undoubtedly developed and created under the control of this aesthetic consciousness. The scenes give people a sense of regularity, solemnity, simplicity and roundness. Another regular feature of Yangko scenes is that all scenes are composed of different shapes of pineapple flowers (circular routes crossed and circled by dancers). Pineapple flowers can be divided into three types: single pineapple flowers, multi-head pineapple flowers, and image pineapple flowers. The combination goes from simple to complex, from single to complicated, forming a set of regular and multi-level combination programs. For example, "Double Cross Street" is composed of 8 single spinach flowers; "Daxiangshan" is composed of 6 multi-headed spinach flowers; "Money Butterfly" is composed of 4 butterfly-shaped spinach flowers. If 2 or 3 kinds of spinach flowers are used, after careful design, more complex scenes can be expressed, such as "Single Split Gourd". Information source: Shandong Provincial Information Network Information source: Shandong Provincial Information Network