Yangxin Drum Yangko

Shandong
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As a folk dance form, "Guzi Yangge" has a long history in Yangxin County. It is mainly distributed in Yanghu Township and Wendian Township in the west of Yangxin County and neighboring villages in surrounding counties. According to Binzhou Cultural Records, "Yangxin's Guzi Yangge originated in the pre-Tang Dynasty in 624 AD." There is also a saying among local old artists: "First there was Lingxiao Pavilion, and then there was Da Yangge (also called Wu Yangge)". Lingxiao Pavilion (Liujia Pavilion) located in Yanghu Township in the west of the county was built during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. It is the largest ancient building complex in Yangxin County. The 16th day of the first lunar month every year is an ancient temple fair (which has continued to this day), and merchants from Huimin, Shanghe, Wudi, Qingyun, Jiyang and other counties gather here. Burning incense and fulfilling vows is very lively. Not far east of Lingxiao Pavilion (20 li) is Wuding Prefecture (now the hometown of Sun Wu in Huimin County), where there is a barracks outside the city. Every year on the 15th day of the first lunar month, the military and civilians have fun together. The soldiers hold weapons in their hands and form a formation, with flags and umbrellas. The scene is magnificent, the dance is rough and bold, the movements are healthy and generous, the rhythm is strong, and it has a great momentum to swallow mountains and rivers, and even more courageous and forward. When the dance reached a climax, all kinds of people, monks and Taoists also joined in, and gradually formed today's drum yangko. The main characters of the dance are umbrellas, drums, flowers, and sticks. In terms of the main characters, no less than 32 people can form a yangko team, and as many as hundreds of people. The props "umbrella" used in it evolved from the "canopy" used by ancient emperors and generals for inspection, the drum evolved from the ancient shield, the drumstick is a short knife or spear, and the stick evolved from the whip. Therefore, the whole process of the dance is basically a typical ancient military exercise process. That is, "parade, select generals, deploy troops, start fighting, and withdraw troops". According to the old artists, the story performed by the drum yangge is the story of the ancient military strategist Sun Bin fighting with Pang Juan. The first Wusan played the role of the ancient military strategist Sun Bin. The main accompaniment instruments of the "Drum Yangge" are big drums, big gongs, hand gongs, cymbals, big and small chisels. Among them, the big drum is the core accompaniment instrument of the whole dance. The diameter of the big drum is one meter, the sound is like thunder, the momentum is surging, and it is shocking. The "Drum Yangge" usually starts rehearsing after the Spring Festival and performs before the Lantern Festival. The yangge team of a village is led by the elderly with high prestige in the village to perform in various villages. When the yangge team enters the village, gongs, drums and firecrackers sound, forming a united, harmonious, harmonious, jubilant and lively festival atmosphere. In 2009, the "Drum Yangge" was approved by the Shandong Provincial People's Government to be included in the second batch of "Shandong Intangible Cultural Heritage List".

Intangible culture related to the heritage

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