The original name of Northern Shaanxi Daoqing was "Qingjian Daoqing". Later, due to the influx of "Longdong Daoqing" and "Shenchi Daoqing" from Shanxi into Northern Shaanxi, "Sanbian Daoqing" and "Shenfu Daoqing" were formed, so they are collectively called "Northern Shaanxi Daoqing". It is popular in Qingjian, Zichang, Zhidan, Suide, Yulin, Zizhou, Baoan, Wuqi, Dingbian, Jingbian, Shenmu, Fugu and other places. Northern Shaanxi Daoqing first appeared in Xuanwu Village, Dongjiejiagou, Qingjian County. According to the oral account of Wang Rulun, a Daoqing artist in the village, during the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty (1821-1850), a group of Daoqing artists from Xinzhou, Shanxi came to perform in this village and the nearby Zhaigou, and began to introduce Shanxi Daoqing to Qingjian. Later, it was combined with local folk songs and absorbed the artistic elements of Meihu and Yangko to form Qingjian Daoqing. The first group to perform was Wang Rulun's grandfather, called Wang's class, which performed in the form of sitting and singing. From the reign of Emperor Guangxu to the 1930s, there were Daoqing troupes in Shijiahe, Yantou, Yuanjiahe, Letangbao and other villages in Qingjian County. They often performed outside, spreading Daoqing opera to Zizhou, Zichang, Zhidan, Hengshan, Suide and other places, and a prosperous situation emerged in which every village and community had its own troupe. The performance form developed from sitting singing to stage performance, becoming the main entertainment variety for temple fairs in various places. Daoqing opera is often performed during the day, and Yangko dance is performed at night. During the Spring Festival every year, the Daoqing and Yangko troupes of villages will also conduct mutual invitation performance activities in the form of sending and returning invitations, which is locally called "noisy and prosperous". The traditional repertoires of Shaanxi Daoqing mostly express Taoist stories, historical stories and life stories. There are continuous plays, original plays and Huihui plays. There are more than 100 plays that are often performed, mainly including "Gao Lao Zhuang", "Xiang Zi Saves Lin Ying", "Tang Wang Visits Hell", "Wang Xiang Lying on Ice", "One Hundred Thousand Gold", "Liu Xiu Goes to Nanyang", "Li Da Opens a Store", "Two Worlds of Marriage", "He Feng Skirt", "Mao Hong Jumps Over the Wall", "Two Women Visit the Garden", etc. The longest series of plays "Snow Surrounds Languan" can be performed for three days and three nights. The Shaanxi Daoqing has all the Sheng, Dan, Jing, and Chou, and mainly consists of Xusheng, Zhengdan, Xiaosheng, Xiaodan, and Qiao. Hualian has no singing, and all are dialogues. It has a strong Yangko flavor, generous movements, mainly twisting and swinging, no strict procedures, and more life-like movements. Emphasis is on singing, and there is no martial arts. Baotou (Danjiao) and Hualian makeup wear lenses on the forehead, and two silk handkerchiefs are hung below. The costumes are mostly borrowed from Yangko robes, and some are used from opera costumes. Some are made of folk cloth, and some are cut from paper. It is adapted to local conditions and there is no certain standard. The music of Northern Shaanxi Daoqing is in the form of a qupai, and there are more than 20 kinds of tunes, including [pingdiao], [tuzidiao], [shizidiao], [shuahaier], [zhongnandiao], [gaodiao], [yangbeidiao], [erwuchui], [shizidiao], [bazidiao], [taipingdiao], [langtangdiao], [jinsigedadadiao], etc. Each tune has a head and tail, such as [pingban], [yangban], [luoban], [daiban], and [daoban]. There is no accompaniment [mayun]. The melody is generally in the form of six-character, eight-character, and cross-character sentences, and there are also three-character and four-character sentences. Four sentences are a paragraph. The accompaniment music is divided into civil and military scenes. The instruments in the civil scene include small sanxian, four-tone (made of four-strand strings and double horsetail bows), and pipes, which are known as the three major instruments. The martial scene has simple boards, fishing drums, and the crisp drums and small hinges unique to Northern Shaanxi Daoqing, which constitute the distinctive characteristics of Northern Shaanxi Daoqing music. In 1935, the Red Army arrived in northern Shaanxi during the Long March, and the Daoqing in northern Shaanxi entered a new stage of development. Daoqing artists created a new Daoqing in Hengshan and other places on the basis of traditional Daoqing. Because they often performed modern dramas reflecting the revolutionary struggles of the people in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, they were called "Turnover Daoqing" by the masses. The artistic style is very different from the old Daoqing. The old Daoqing is deep and tragic, while the new Daoqing is joyful, bold and bright, and is full of new era characteristics, which are generally welcomed. As a result, the old Daoqing has gradually declined, and all urban and rural troupes in various places have switched to singing the new Daoqing, such as the Xiawu Village troupe in Qingjian, the Caojia Tower troupe, the Chenjiaping troupe, the Pojiagou troupe, the Badoucha troupe, the Huaijiawan troupe, the Hengshan Po Luo Village troupe, the Chaixinliang troupe, the Zizhou Peijiawan troupe, the Qiangjiagou troupe, the Liujiachuan troupe, the Zichang Qiangjiagou troupe, the Yulin Zhenchuanbao troupe, and the Yanchuan Baijiahe troupe. Many outstanding artists have emerged from these troupes. The musicians include Tian Si, Ren Landang, Liu Zhongzhong, Cao Cunshu, Bai Shiliang, Huang Jinluo, Liu Yonghai, Bai Fenghai, Li Zhenyou, Zhang Yuhe, Guo Zhanshan, Zhang Chengxiang, etc.; the actors include Zhang Haisheng, Zhang Guocang, Zhang Guowan, Liu Hanzhu, Huang Deming, Li Xianghai, Bai Shulin, Liu Yongyi, Li Jingsheng, Hui Kejian, Li Peicheng, Guo Lucai, Hui Wannian, Hui Wanguo, etc. There are hundreds of Daoqing plays written and performed by the folks, mainly modern plays, including "Family Picture", "The Transformation of the Second-rate Son", "Wang Changsheng Recruits Workers", "Persuading the Son to Return to the Team", "Spinning", "Going South to Open up Wasteland", "Refugee Picture", "Wang Sanxiao Asks for a Wife", "Banning Foreign Cigarettes", etc. The singing style of the new Daoqing has been transformed by artists, and the composition of the board changes has continued to increase, using the board paths of [Second-rate Board], [Big Board], [Arrow Board], etc. In terms of musical instruments, banhu was used as the main instrument, and violin, daqin, flute, etc. were added to enrich the musical expression. A zither player in Luoer Lane, Qingjian, also modified a six-tone instrument based on the four-tone instrument, which was appreciated by the audience. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the new Daoqing in northern Shaanxi has further developed. The folk classes in various villages and forts have continued to expand. Some classes have also purchased new boxes, trained a new generation of actors, and created and performed a large number of modern dramas, mainly including "Supporting Farmers' Busy Days", "Chaoyang Family", "Choosing a Son-in-law", "Two Family Relations", "Livestock Racing", "The One I Love", "Meeting the Wife", "Red Flag on the Sand Sea", "Land Storm", "Praise for the Newly Married", "Little Four Virtues" and more than 50 other plays. (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.) (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.)