Northern Shaanxi Daoqing is concentrated in Zichang County, Yanchuan County, and Qingjian County of Shaanxi Province, and radiates to Northwest Shanxi, Hetao of Inner Mongolia, and Gansu and Ningxia neighboring areas of Northern Shaanxi. It originated from the rhyme of Taoist scriptures chanted in the Tang Dynasty, and developed and formed in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It has a history of more than a thousand years. Northern Shaanxi Daoqing is divided into two branches, East Road Daoqing and West Road Daoqing. The East Road is called "new tune" and the West Road is called "old tune". There are differences in the musical modes of the two. The East Road is in the Zheng mode, and the singing style is high-pitched and bright; the West Road is in the Shang mode, and the singing style is delicate and euphemistic. However, the singing tunes of the two are roughly the same, including [Pingdiao], [Shizidiao], [Yizhimei], [Liangqiang], [Shuahaidiao], [Wuhuaqiang], [Diaoluojinxianban], [Gongbai], [Jieban], etc., known as "Nine Tunes and Eighteen Tunes". Among them, [Pingdiao], also known as "Qi Zidiao", is a structure of upper and lower sentences. It is the most basic mode of Shaanxi Daoqing singing. According to the mood of the music, it can be divided into "Huayin Pingdiao", "Lidiao", "Huaqiangdiao" and other modes. According to the rhythm of the music, it can be divided into "Daqiban", "Manban", "Kuban", "Huanyangban", "Erliushui", "Songban", "Luoban", "Zaiban", "Yidaoqiang" and other modes. The combination of the two aspects constitutes the Shaanxi Daoqing singing system of starting, carrying forward, turning, closing and winding; the phrases of [Shizidiao] adopt the sentence structure of three three four, and two identical sentences constitute a cycle. Its main modes include "slow Shizidiao", "fast Shizidiao", "Shizidiao side board", "Shizidiao Luoban" and so on; the phrases of [Yizhimei] are square and symmetrical, the rhythm of the beginning and the end is free and soothing, with many extended notes, and the rhythm of the middle paragraph is sonorous and powerful; [Liangqiang] is also known as "Maoliang "Qian" refers specifically to "high-spirited spirit" in northern Shaanxi dialect. It can be divided into "gaoyin Liangqiang", "zhaqiang", "pingdiao Liangqiang", "baojushu Liangqiang", "banliangqiang" and so on according to the style. The beginning part turns up the seventh scale from low to high, and the middle part consists of two symmetrical sentences, which can be repeated freely. The ending is the reproduction of the melody of the first two parts after rhythm changes, which is loud and clear with strong narrative; [Shuahaidiao] consists of two major sections, the first section is peaceful and deep, and the second section is exciting and bright, suitable for solo singing, and its style includes "Zheng Zhongnan" and "Luan Zhongnan"; [Diaoluojinxianban] has a long history and is regarded as a "living fossil of music". Its tone is low and deep, and the rhythm is slow and free; [Gongbai] is a chanting narration without a fixed rhythm. On the last sustained tone of each sentence, the gongs and drums will show changes from weak to strong, from fast to slow, with strong expressiveness; [Jiecymbals] have a rhythm but no eyes, with a rapid rhythm and a high tone. The performance of Northern Shaanxi Daoqing was originally performed by one or more people, accompanied by small three-stringed harp, four-tone hu, pipe, small gong, small hairpin and other cultural instruments, and gradually developed into Daoqing opera. There are more than 20 traditional repertoires such as "Ten Thousand Gold", "Noisy Book House" and "Peony Pavilion". The main ways of inheritance include father-son inheritance based on the family as the basic unit and collective inheritance based on the village as the basic unit. At present, Northern Shaanxi Daoqing is in difficulty and lacks successors, and is in urgent need of protection. (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.) (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.)