The Badaling Great Wall is located at the north entrance of the Guangou Ancient Road in Jundu Mountain, Yanqing District, Beijing. It is known as one of the nine fortresses in the world. It is the outpost of Juyongguan, an important pass of the Great Wall. It is the best preserved and most representative of the Ming Great Wall. Therefore, it is the earliest section of the Great Wall to be opened to tourists. The pass of the Badaling Great Wall is a trapezoidal shape with narrow east and wide west. It was built in the 18th year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty (1505) and was repaired during the Jiajing and Wanli years. There are two gates in the pass. The east gate is inscribed with "Juyong Waizhen" and was engraved in the 18th year of Jiajing (1539); the west gate is inscribed with "North Gate Lock Key" and was engraved in the 10th year of Wanli (1582). Both gates are brick and stone structures, with platforms on the archways. There are passages on the north and south of the platform, connecting the walls of the pass, and battlements are built around the platform. It was said in ancient times that "the danger of Juyong is not in the pass but in Badaling". This section of the Great Wall is steep and commanding, combining majestic and steep, beautiful and verdant. After the restoration of the Guancheng and part of the city wall in 1953, it was opened as a tourist area. After several renovations, the section available for sightseeing is 3,741 meters, including 1,176 meters in the south section and 2,565 meters in the north section, with a total of 16 enemy towers. In March 1961, the "Great Wall - Badaling" was identified as the first batch of national cultural relics protection units; in 1982, it was listed as a national key scenic spot; in 1986, it was rated as the first of the top ten scenic spots in the country; in 1987, it was included in the "World Cultural Heritage List" by UNESCO; in 1992, it was rated as the first in the "Beijing Tourism World's Best"; in 1995, the Badaling Great Wall was named the "National Patriotism Education Base" by the China Caring for the Next Generation Working Committee. From 2000 to 2009, more than 500 heads of state, heads of government or leaders of the ruling party from all over the world climbed the Badaling Great Wall. On May 8, 2007, the Badaling Great Wall was officially approved by the National Tourism Administration as a national 5A-level tourist attraction. In addition to the Great Wall, Badaling Scenic Area also has the Great Wall Stele Forest, Wulang Statue, Stone Buddha Temple Stone Statue, Goldfish Pond, Chadaoliang, Qi Jiguang Garden, Yuan Chonghuan Garden, Great Wall Stele Forest Garden, Chadao Ancient City and other attractions. Now, Badaling has initially formed a tour system with a strong sense of hierarchy, with the open section of the Great Wall, the China Great Wall Museum, and the Great Wall Full-Circle Cinema as the main body, three free scenic parks as auxiliary, and the two subsidiary scenic spots of the Remaining Great Wall and Chadao Ancient City as supplements.
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Philosophy related to the heritage
Interpretation of Badaling Great Wall Scenic Area from the perspective of Eastern philosophy: In Eastern philosophy, especially Chinese philosophy, Badaling Great Wall is not only a barrier of military defense, but also a dragon vein connecting heaven and earth, symbolizing the harmonious coexistence of man and nature. From the perspective of Taoism, the Great Wall is winding and undulating, like the veins of the earth, reflecting the concept of "Tao follows nature". The construction of the Great Wall conforms to the natural terrain and shows the harmonious unity of human wisdom and the natural environment. From the perspective of Confucianism, the Great Wall symbolizes loyalty and tenacity, is a symbol of defending the homeland and maintaining order, and embodies the Confucian spirit of "the benevolent love people, the wise know people". From the perspective of Buddhism, the magnificence of the Great Wall makes people feel the insignificance of life and the vastness of the universe, reminding people to let go of their obsessions and pursue inner peace and detachment. Interpretation of Badaling Great Wall Scenic Area from the perspective of Western philosophy: In Western philosophy, Badaling Great Wall can be interpreted as a symbol of human will and creativity. From the perspective of ancient Greek philosophy, the Great Wall reflects the human pursuit of order and rationality and resistance to chaos and disorder. From the perspective of humanism during the Renaissance, the Great Wall is a manifestation of human wisdom and courage, and of humanity's desire for freedom and independence. From the perspective of rationalism during the Enlightenment, the construction of the Great Wall demonstrates humanity's ability to overcome natural obstacles through rational planning and collective collaboration. From the perspective of modern existentialism, the majesty of the Great Wall and the vicissitudes of history make people think about the meaning of life and the value of existence, and inspire people to face difficulties and challenges. Whether it is Eastern philosophy or Western philosophy, the Badaling Great Wall, with its unique existence, has inspired people to think deeply about life, nature, history and culture, and has become a bridge connecting the past and the future, integrating different cultures and philosophical thoughts.