Shijiaying Township Shanbangzi Opera

Beijing
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Shanbangzi Opera in Shijiaying Township is an intangible cultural heritage project at the Fangshan District level. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, after Li Zicheng (from Mizhi, Shaanxi) entered Beijing, he brought Shaanxi's "Qinqiang" and Shanxi's "Jin Opera" (i.e. Zhonglu Bangzi) to the Beijing-Hebei region. According to local language habits and preferences, people integrated the rhythm and original form of "Shanxi Bangzi" with local folk tunes, folk songs, and dialects. After years of practice, they created a new drama "Shanbangzi" opera, which has been passed down in the Baihua Mountain area. Shanbangzi in Shijiaying Township originated during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, and has a history of more than 300 years. Shanbangzi Opera integrates rituals, music, dance and skills, and truly depicts social concepts such as ancient human ethics, filial piety, benevolence, righteousness and morality, and social conditions such as despising the poor and loving the rich, the world is cold, and family affairs. It has a unique style and strong local characteristics. Shanbangzi is different from Hebei Bangzi, and the key is that the charm is different. Shanbangzi is embodied in the word "mountain". The local dialect is thick. The dialogue in the opera is neither Shanxi dialect nor Beijing dialect, but authentic local dialect. The notable characteristics of its singing style are simplicity and naturalness, smooth singing, clear pronunciation, brisk rhythm, and high-pitched and majestic. Its main features in terms of program are strict standardization and high skills. The pitch range is mostly based on the pitch range of female singing, and it is mostly "civil drama and martial singing". Its accompaniment uses traditional accompaniment instruments. The civil scene is mainly composed of jujube wood bangzi and banhu, plus flute, sheng, suona, erhu, etc. The martial scene instruments include single-skin drums, boards, leaves, big gongs, cymbals, hand gongs, small cymbals, bells, hall drums, etc. After liberation, Shanbangzi opera became a household name. There are troupes in each of the 12 villages in Shijiaying Township, and they can sing nearly a hundred operas, such as "Reed Flower Records", "Seven Sages", "Going Down to the East of the River", "Walking in the Snowy Mountains", "Fishing and Killing the Family", etc.

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