Qinyang Suona
Qinyang suona is a wooden double-reed instrument. It is characterized by its loud volume, bright and rough sound quality, easy to play, and good at expressing passionate and unrestrained scenes and emotions of great joy and sorrow. Qinyang suona has developed with the development of the times. In recent years, it has gradually added auxiliary instruments such as mute, hand-shake (big microphone), kaqiang (small microphone), pipe, whistle, etc., which greatly enriched the performance ability and performance content of suona. Qinyang suona is divided into three categories: high, medium and low, and the playing skills are very rich. In this area, whenever there are weddings, funerals, temple openings, opening celebrations, birthday celebrations and other activities, suona classes are invited to play to add to the lively atmosphere. It is said that Zhu Zai, a member of the Ming Dynasty royal family, developed the "eye tube" based on the eight sound holes of suona, which made a great contribution to the development of Chinese national wind music. It is said that he once founded the "Golden Drum Club" in Jiufeng Temple. Every September 23rd of the lunar calendar, suona classes from all over the country will gather here. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, there were "Tonglehui" and "Jiajiaban". From the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, there were "Majinban", "Maodanban", "Yinheban" and other suona performance organizations, which had a great influence in the local area. In the Qinyang area, there are sayings such as "big sedan chair, Majin blows, no marriage without Majin blows", "no sedan chair without Maodan blows when the aunt and the son-in-law arrive", which reflects the influence of these suona bands. According to the region and technical style, the suona in Qinyang can be divided into four major schools and two major factions. With Qinhe River as the boundary, it is divided into Qinbei School and Qinnan School; Qinbei School is represented by Zhang Family, He Family and Ma Family, and Qinnan School is represented by Jia Family. Its prosperity can be seen here. Under the influence of the four major families, the scale of suona bands and artist teams in Qinyang has continued to increase, and the number is considerable. From the founding of the People's Republic of China to the 1980s, there were more than 30 suona bands in Qinyang, with more than 400 people engaged in suona performances, showing a situation where there were suonas in every township and music in every village. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 300 pieces of music played by Qinyang suona. In modern and contemporary folk customs and artistic life, on the basis of inheriting traditions, folk artists have created some new and representative pieces, such as "Hometown Ode", "Jiufeng Love Talk", and "Qinyang Spring". In December 1997, Qinyang City was awarded the honorary title of "Henan Folk Art Hometown" by the Henan Provincial Department of Culture, and was later named "China Folk Art Hometown" by the Ministry of Culture.