Ivory Carving

Chongwen District, Beijing
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Ivory carving refers to the carving process and finished products made of ivory. Ivory carving in Beijing and Guangzhou has different artistic styles. Beijing ivory carving, also known as Beijing ivory carving, can be traced back to at least two thousand years ago. In the later historical development process, outstanding craftsmen who migrated or were recruited to Beijing from other places constantly exchanged ideas with local craftsmen in Beijing. After hundreds of years of practice, Beijing ivory carving has a graceful and elegant court art style and formed unique craft characteristics. Beijing ivory carving once declined in the late Qing Dynasty, but later, with the efforts of Yang Shihui and his descendants, this ancient craft was revived. Ivory carving has a noble beauty due to the quality of the ivory material itself, and has become a part of China's special arts and crafts. Beijing ivory carving technology is complex and difficult, with a wide range of themes, and the skills are passed down by word of mouth. Since the 1980s, for the sake of protecting elephant populations, the international community has once banned ivory trade, which has put Beijing ivory carving technology, which relies entirely on imported ivory raw materials, into a dilemma, facing a situation where there is no raw material and no young successors. In recent years, the international community has begun to abandon the rigid trade ban and allow the trade of ivory stocks. Even so, it is impossible to solve the problem that the Beijing ivory carving skills, as a special craft, have no one to inherit. A protection mechanism should be established as soon as possible to explore and rescue this ancient special skill. Guangzhou ivory carving is Guangzhou ivory carving. The hollow ivory balls, flower boats, and micro-carved calligraphy and paintings are all representatives of Guangdong ivory carving. Guangdong ivory carving products are mainly divided into three categories. The first is appreciation items, including ivory balls, flower boats, crab cages, flower towers, vases, birds and beasts, figures, stone mountain scenery, etc.; the second is practical items, including folding fans, table lamps, ashtrays, cigarette holders, pen holders, powder boxes, seals, combs, chopsticks, toothpicks, bookmarks, paper knives, chess, etc.; the third is decorations, including bracelets, necklaces, earrings, rings, pins, etc. Guangzhou ivory carving is famous for its hollow and deep carving techniques. In the long-term craft practice, a complete set of exquisite carving techniques has gradually been formed. Guangzhou ivory carvings are delicate and exquisite, exquisite and translucent, and pay attention to the bleaching and color decoration of ivory materials, both elegant and vulgar. The works are known for their luster and fine carving, and the overall layout is complicated and lively, leaving no blank space. Ivory carvings and other materials such as red sandalwood, rhinoceros horn, tortoise shell, and emerald feathers are cleverly inlaid on one piece, making the pattern more layered, and at the same time, the knife skills are sharp and angular, gorgeous and beautiful. Guangzhou ivory carving has a long history. It has developed to a certain extent during the Qin and Han Dynasties. The craftsmanship and production scale reached a historical peak during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Since the Republic of China, its craftsmanship has become increasingly sophisticated, and it is unique in the national ivory carving industry. The inheritance of Guangzhou ivory carving is mainly based on master-apprentice inheritance and family inheritance, and adopts a production model of handicraft workshops. Famous inheritors include Chen Zuzhang, Weng Zhao, Weng Rongbiao, Feng Shaoxia, Li Dingning, etc. Guangzhou, located at the southern gate of China, has close economic and trade relations with various parts of the world, and the development prospects of the handicraft market with national characteristics are also quite considerable. However, there are no family-style workshops in Guangzhou's ivory carving industry, and the master-apprentice relationship has also changed a lot. Manual skills have been lost or mutated unknowingly, and the delicate craft process has also been impacted. No one is willing and able to make a living solely with traditional ivory carving skills. This has greatly affected the development of Guangzhou's ivory carving industry and the inheritance of traditional skills. It is necessary to make a plan to change the current unfavorable situation as soon as possible.

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