According to legend, as early as the Shang Dynasty 3,600 years ago, there were exquisite ivory carvings. Beijing ivory carving has been particularly popular since the Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, ivory carvings were mostly produced by the imperial workshops of the inner court, and most of the artists came from Yangzhou and Guangzhou. On the basis of inheriting traditional skills, they combined and applied techniques such as round carving, relief carving and hollow carving, integrated them into one, and absorbed rich nutrients from ancient painting, stone carving, clay sculpture and other art forms, and gradually formed Beijing ivory carving varieties: Beijing's ivory carving flowers can be divided into two types: relief flowers and round flowers. Relief flower works mainly include washing bowls, plates, armrests, etc.; round flower works mainly include vases, flower baskets, bonsai, katydid cabbages, etc. Features: Ivory carving is known for its fairy-like ancient costume ladies and beautiful round flowers. It has a unique artistic style of elegance, simplicity, refinement and strength. Crafts: Ivory carving production requires five processes such as chiseling, shoveling, face opening, grinding, and color fumigation. Chiseling is to open the blank to form; shoveling is fine processing; face carving is to make delicate facial expressions; grinding is fine polishing; color fumigation is to dye the work according to different requirements, or smoke it into antique products. There are also many different carving techniques, mainly using deep and shallow relief, hollow carving and three-dimensional round carving. Beijing ivory carving has a history of more than 3,000 years and has been particularly popular since the Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, ivory carvings were mostly produced by the imperial workshops of the inner court, and most of the craftsmen came from Yangzhou and Guangzhou. The ivory mat in the Treasure House of the Palace Museum mentioned in the previous chapter is one of the treasures of ivory carvings from the Qing Dynasty. After the founding of New China, ivory carving artists continued to innovate on the basis of inheriting traditional skills, integrating the techniques of round carving, relief carving and hollow carving into one; and absorbed rich nutrition from ancient painting, stone carving, clay sculpture and other art forms, forming the artistic style of Beijing ivory carving with beautiful shapes, gorgeous decorations, upright lines and varied knife techniques. Beijing ivory carving is known for ladies, figures, flowers, etc., and the delicate texture of ivory is brought into play, making the figures lifelike. After the founding of New China, large-scale ivory carvings such as "Chairman Mao's Hometown" and "Chengkun Railway" were also created, which are exquisite and elegant. In some large works, craftsmen use the "inlay method" to expand the volume, but the inlay is seamless and there is no trace of chiseling (Beijing)