Ganquan Lotus Lantern, folk dance, intangible cultural heritage protection project of Shaanxi Province. Ganquan Lotus Lantern is a kind of festive Yangko. The dance and music form are relatively fixed, with its unique style and routine. The female dancers hold lotus lanterns and the male dancers hold fish pattern lanterns. The lotus representing the feminine femininity and the fish representing the masculine masculinity are auspicious symbols. The artistic style is quite broad and powerful in the Han and Tang Dynasties, and it also integrates the euphemism and delicacy of the land of fish and rice. In terms of performance form, it is divided into "walking lantern" and "running lantern". Lotus Lantern was called Lotus Dance in ancient times, also called Dancing Lotus. It is a dance originated from the court entertainment of the Sui and Tang Dynasties. It was first performed in the palace built by Emperor Yang of Sui in Fu Village. Ganquan Lotus Lantern is a traditional folk art that is popular among the people of Ganquan County during the Spring Festival. Lotus Lantern is a folk art with a long history. Ganquan Lotus Lantern pays attention to the dancers' graceful manners, elegance and dignity, moving like the wind blowing lotus dust, carp flying to the bottom; quiet like lotus competing for beauty, virgin facing the sun. If it is performed at night, you can see sparkling lights and fairies dancing among the lotus leaves and green waves, with their charming voices and graceful dances, creating a unique artistic conception. Compared with the masculine "Yan'an Five Drums", this art form has more court elegance and less rural ruggedness in terms of charm and aesthetics. The lotus lantern is a unique folk treasure of Ganquan. Its artistic taste is constantly innovating, inheriting the essence of traditional culture and integrating modern consciousness. The lotus lantern art form uses the lotus representing the feminine femininity and the fish representing the masculine masculinity as auspicious patterns. The dancers hold lotus lanterns and fish-patterned lanterns in their hands, singing and dancing to the accompaniment of the "Shuichuan Tune" which is similar to the Guanzhong Qinyin and the Saibei Xintianyou. It is a comprehensive art that contains the festive atmosphere of surplus and good luck. There are two types of Ganquan lotus lantern performances: "walking lantern" and "running lantern". Walking lanterns are street performances that are basically performed in the form of changing patterns. There are seven types of steps, including circular steps, scattered arm holding lantern steps, left jump and holding lantern steps, cross-stroke lantern steps, music and dance steps, information steps, and yangko steps. "Running lanterns" are field performances that mainly intersperse and change auspicious patterns, mainly including fairies descending to the earth, fish leaping over the dragon gate, fish playing with lotus flowers, and hanging lanterns and decorations. Running lanterns move in small steps. The "Ganquan Lotus Lantern" was first performed in the Yan'an Yangko Festival in the first month of 1999, which caused a huge social response. People along the street were eagerly waiting and vying to watch it. Various news media reported on it, forming a sensational effect of the "Ganquan Lotus Lantern" in the city. Since then, in large-scale activities such as the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China in Yan'an, the Yan'an Millennium Square Art Performance, and the Yan'an New Year Art Festival in 2000 and 2001, the "Ganquan Lotus Lantern" has been the finale, pushing the festive atmosphere to 100% time and time again. . According to legend, the Ganquan Lotus Lantern has a history of more than 1,000 years since it was formed at the end of the Sui Dynasty. After more than 1,000 years of circulation, it has formed the following basic characteristics: Folk characteristics: The Ganquan Lotus Lantern is simple and rustic, and is a folk yangko to celebrate the New Year; Stylized characteristics: The performance movements and accompaniment music of the Ganquan Lotus Lantern have fixed programs; Multi-source characteristics: The costumes and props of the Ganquan Lotus Lantern have both northern folk performance characteristics and southern folk clothing characteristics; The accompaniment music is based on both Guanzhong Qinyin and northern Shaanxi Xintianyou. Rare characteristics: The yangko in various counties and districts of Yulin and Yan'an are similar, basically either drums and music or umbrellas and fans. Only the Ganquan Lotus Lantern is contrary to the northern Shaanxi martial yangko style. It took a path of elegant style and dignified movements. Symbolic characteristics: During the performance, there are many symbolic techniques such as "fairies descending to the earth", "fish leaping over the dragon gate", "fish playing in lotus", "abundance year after year", "good luck", "hanging lanterns and decorations", etc. Legendary characteristics: According to legend, when Emperor Yang of Sui was on a northern tour to Fucunchuan, Ganquan, he met his favorite concubine Bo Ji. Bo Ji and the musicians and palace maids performed the palace lotus lantern at Fucun Posthouse. Afterwards, the performing dancers and musicians stayed in the local area, and the "lotus lantern" has since taken root in Ganquan. It is said that the Ganquan Lotus Lantern was created when Emperor Yang of Sui was on a northern tour and was detained in Fucunchuan, Linzhen County (the old name of Ganquan). He took the Fucunchuan girl Bo Ji as his concubine and doted on her. Bo Ji, together with the musicians and palace maids, performed "Lotus Lantern", then this dance flowed from the palace to the people, so "Ganquan Lotus Lantern" evolved from the palace dance of the Sui Dynasty. The Song Dynasty portrait bricks unearthed from Laoshan, Ganquan only have images but no text descriptions. The accompaniment music is similar to Qinyin and Shaanxi Xintianyou, which is similar to the folk style of Shaanxi. Ganquan is named after "Meishuiquan". "Meishuiquan" was named after Emperor Yang of Sui Dynasty and was a tribute water. The tribute water has been more than a hundred years, and the people are very miserable. Later, the county magistrate Meng Qirui was anxious about the people's suffering, so he sealed the spring with an official seal and stopped the hard labor. In the Shaanxi storytelling drama "Meishui County Magistrate", through the dialogue between County Magistrate Meng and the proprietress of "Wuxiangju", the psychological transformation process of County Magistrate Meng in saving the people from hanging is concentratedly displayed. "Last night, I held a candle to draft a memorial, and the pen was heavy and the ink was hard to write. Ganquan has been the magistrate for half a year, and the royal tribute water has many complaints from the people. "The drama praises this good county magistrate who loves his people like his own children. The whole play is moving with emotion and is performed in the style of northern Shaanxi storytelling drama. The form and content are perfectly unified and complement each other. The theme expressed in the plot is also of typical significance to the current people-oriented governing philosophy. History is heavy, and legends are beautiful. Today's Meishuiquan has benefited the people, and its Meishui wine and dried tofu series products are famous all over the world. The people of Ganquan have taken solid steps on the road of "building a strong industrial and economic county, a large agricultural industry county, a famous county for characteristic industries, and the first ecological county in northern Shaanxi." Ganquan County, Shaanxi Province, is a mountainous county in the south of Yan'an City, an old revolutionary base. Ganquan County was named after the Meishuiquan at the foot of Shenlu Mountain in the south of the city. Ganquan County is 333 kilometers south of the provincial capital Xi'an, 37 kilometers north of Yan'an City, borders Baota District to the east, Zhidan County to the west, and the first ecological county in northern Shaanxi. It is demarcated by Ansai County and borders Fu County to the south. The Xi'an-Shenmu Railway, National Highway 210, and Ganquan-Wuqi Highway intersect. The county has jurisdiction over 3 towns, 5 townships, 116 administrative villages, 295 natural villages, an area of 2,284.7 square kilometers, a total population of 78,000, of which 99.88% are Han. Ganquan County belongs to the ridge-shaped hilly gully area of the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi. The terrain slopes from northwest to southeast, the ravines are flat, the valleys are wide and the ridges are gentle, with a few residual hills and low hills. The Luo River Valley is relatively flat, with a river surface width of 500-1000 meters, accounting for 10% of the total area of the county. The highest point in the territory is 1,625 meters above sea level and the lowest is 950 meters above sea level. There are more than 300 streams of various sizes in the territory, including 7 with a basin area of more than 100 square kilometers. The largest river is the Luo River, which flows through the county for 95 kilometers. Ganquan belongs to the plateau continental Ganquan County has a semi-humid monsoon climate with distinct cold and warm seasons, dry and wet seasons, an average annual temperature of 8.6, an extreme maximum temperature of 36.8, a minimum temperature of -26.1, an annual precipitation of 526.3 mm, and an average annual frost-free period of 148 days. The main minerals in Ganquan County are oil, natural gas, mineral water and purple clay. The proven oil storage area is 272.1 square kilometers, with a reserve of 74.99 million tons; the natural gas reserve is 200 cubic kilometers. Ganquan County has a long history. It is recorded in the Western Zhou Dynasty that the Qin Straight Road passed through the county. It has been a frontier land since ancient times and a must-contest place in conflicts between the Han nationality and ethnic minorities. Wars have been continuous throughout history. Therefore, it has formed a special geographical environment for the growth and inheritance of folk culture. Ganquan Lotus Lantern is a kind of festive Yangko. The dance and music form are relatively fixed and have their own unique style. The female dancers hold lotus lanterns and the male dancers hold fish-patterned lanterns. The lotus, which represents the feminine femininity, and the fish, which represents the masculine masculinity, are used as auspicious symbols. They sing and dance to the accompaniment of the water boat tune that is similar to the Qin music of Guanzhong and the Xintianyou of Saibei. It contains the festive atmosphere of "abundant year after year" and "good luck". The artistic style is quite broad and powerful in the Han and Tang Dynasties, and it also integrates the euphemism and delicacy of the land of fish and rice. In terms of performance form, it is divided into "walking lanterns" and "running lanterns". Walking lanterns are cross-street performances, which are performed in the form of changing patterns. There are seven steps: round field walking, scattered arm holding lantern steps, left jump step holding lanterns, cross-stroke lantern steps, music and dance steps, rest steps, and yangko steps. Running lanterns are field performances, mainly running and turning with small steps and interlaced changes of patterns. The main formations include fairies descending to the earth, fish leaping over the dragon gate, fish playing with lotus flowers, hanging lanterns and decorations, etc. In different performance environments, the Ganquan Lotus Lantern has different performance methods. When performing on the street, dozens or even hundreds of men dressed in carp costumes, holding big red carp lanterns symbolizing "abundant joy", interspersed among the girls wearing lotus costumes and holding lotus lanterns, forming a performance scene of "fish swimming in lotus". In the beautiful and melodious "Lotus Chant" music, accompanied by the beautiful and melodious music melody and folk percussion drums, sometimes the fish lanterns roll, sometimes the lotus blooms, one after another; in the stage performance, the basic form of the dance remains unchanged, but the performers fill in the main melody according to the content of the celebration, add vocal music to give accompaniment, and make the content richer. The Ganquan Lotus Lantern with the above characteristics has a unique position in the entire northern Shaanxi Yangko. It is not only a microcosm of northern Shaanxi Yangko, but also a new way to show the alternative style of northern Shaanxi Yangko. It is an excellent folk dance culture in northern Shaanxi and a relic of ancient northern Shaanxi dance. The value of excavating, rescuing and protecting Ganquan Lotus Lantern is as follows: Academic value: In northern Shaanxi Yangko, common ones include drum music, umbrella fans, water boats, donkey riding, etc., but Ganquan Lotus Lantern is unique in northern Shaanxi Yangko, known for its elegance, and is known as the "literary Yangko" of northern Shaanxi. The excavation, rescue and protection of Ganquan Lotus Lantern will further enrich and develop the content of northern Shaanxi Yangko and expand the connotation of northern Shaanxi Yangko. Its folk characteristics, symbolic characteristics and legendary characteristics will not only enrich and improve the history of Chinese folk dance, but also the national folk dance of the world. It will have a certain role in promoting. Practical value: excavating, rescuing and protecting Ganquan Lotus Lantern. It will play an important role in promoting the spiritual civilization construction of northern Shaanxi and even China, enriching the cultural life of the people, improving the quality of the people, promoting the all-round development of people, and building a socialist harmonious society.