Sun and Moon Flower Ornaments of the Jino Ethnic Group
The Jino people wear simple and unsophisticated clothes. They like to wear self-woven cloth clothes with blue, red and black stripes. Jino men wear wide trousers and collarless white coats. Women wear white vests embroidered with various patterns, collarless long-sleeved coats, black skirts with red edges, and carry a cloth bag. The Jino people worship the sun. The sun and moon decorations are the historical accumulation of the aesthetic psychology of the Jino people, which contains rich cultural connotations. The sun and moon decorations are the back decorations of Jino men. Each man has a colorful pattern sewn in the center of the back of his clothes. The Jino people call it "Bo Luo A Bo", which means sun flower or moon flower, that is, the sun and moon decoration. The sun and moon decoration is circular, with a diameter of about 10 cm. It is embroidered on 18 cm square black cloth with red, yellow, green, white and other colored silk threads, and then sewn on the back of the clothes. The circular pattern spreads out from the center, showing radial colored lines. Some are like the sun, shining; some lines are gentle, as soft as the moon. Animal or geometric patterns are often embroidered next to the sun and moon flower pattern, making the color contrast of the pattern richer and more harmonious. There is a legend about the sun and moon flower decoration "Bo Luo A Bo": It is said that the ancestors of the Jino people were part of Kong Ming's southern expedition army. They fell behind because they rested on the way. Later, after catching up with the main force, Kong Ming was unwilling to take them in. In order to allow these lagging soldiers to survive, Kong Ming gave them tea seeds to plant and let them build houses according to their hat styles. Later, the Jino people embroidered Kong Ming's Bagua seal on the back of their clothes to show their respect and remembrance for Kong Ming. Therefore, the sun and moon flower decoration is also called "Kong Ming Seal". The Jino people believe that it is the bright sunshine that brings vitality and hope to all things on earth, and it is the soft moonlight that brings coolness and dew to all things, so embellishing the sun and moon flower decoration also means praying for blessings. Another symbolic meaning of the sun and moon ornaments is that the sun and the moon are always hanging in the sky, and children should always remember the kindness of their parents in raising them. Whenever they see the sun and moon ornaments, they will think of their parents. The sun and moon ornaments are the symbol of adulthood for Jino men. Wearing them requires a coming-of-age ceremony. When a boy aged fifteen or sixteen is working or going out to do business, he will be suddenly attacked and hijacked by young people who have been ambushed in advance, and then "kidnapped" to the venue of the ancestor worship ceremony. In the solemn and grand ceremony, he will receive the blessings of the village elders and receive a full set of farm tools and adult clothes from his parents. Only after the coming-of-age ceremony and wearing clothes decorated with sun and moon ornaments, he will be qualified as a formal member of the village and begin to have the rights and obligations of a Jino village member. Therefore, the sun and moon ornaments also have the function of a village emblem. At the same time, only by wearing this kind of clothes can young people have the right to talk about love and participate in the organizations and activities of young men and women. The traditional headdress of Jino men is divided by age. Underage boys have short hair and wear hats. When they are fifteen or sixteen years old, they change their hats to baotou. The baotou is black and wrapped around the head. The two ends are locked with colored edges and left on one side. Young men often have a decorative flower on their baotou. The decorative flower is made of red beans, and the wings of green shell insects are hung below. This is a token of love given by their lovers and has a very special meaning. The red beans never fade, and the golden green shell insect wings are as hard as metal and not easy to break. They symbolize the steadfastness and durability of the love between the two. Adult men also like to wear wooden or silver earrings engraved with patterns, and often like to insert flowers on the earrings and ear holes. The Jino people believe that wearing earrings and baotou is a sacred and solemn thing for adults. But it is not possible at any time. Once parents and uncles die, they are not allowed to wear earrings and baotou within a year, otherwise they will be laughed at by the world. The headdress of Jino women has characteristics of age and marital status. Traditional women's headwear is usually long hair, and a cape-style triangular pointed hat with a white background and colorful patterns. This hat is usually made of self-woven "machete cloth" with vertical stripes folded in half and sewn on one side, which looks like the pointed hat on the raincoat popular in modern cities. When worn, the front edge of the hat is turned outward, and the two sides are drooping, draped directly on the shoulders, which looks simple, bright, simple and generous. The hairstyle and the tip of the hat are the main differences between unmarried women and married women of the Jino ethnic group. Unmarried women's hair is scattered on their shoulders, or tied on the right side of the back of their heads, and the hat is pointed. Married women tie their long hair into a knot and use a bamboo hairpin to "Ruo". The hat is tilted forward, and the tip of the hat is pointed and flat. At first glance, it looks like a blooming cockscomb. Therefore, the sign of a woman's unmarriage is mainly to see whether the hat she wears is pointed and whether her hair is scattered on her shoulders. There is such a myth and legend about the origin of the pointed hat of Jino women. It is said that before the creation of the world, there were only water, sky and sun, and there was no land, grass, trees or human beings. One day, a woman wearing a white pointed hat and a white dress emerged from the water. She was Amoyaobai, the founder of the Jino people. She created the Jino people with mud. In order to protect themselves from the wind and cold, the women of the Jino people imitated Amoyaobai's clothing and sewed white triangular pointed hats and white dresses. As for the colorful patterns on the hats and dresses, they are related to a touching love story. It is said that the beautiful and kind Jino girl Bululei and the hardworking and honest young man Zebai were a happy couple. Just when they were about to get married, Bululei was kidnapped by Zemula, a rich young man from a nearby village, and he forced her to marry him within three days. Bululei refused, so he took out a burnt firewood from the fire pit and scratched the girl's hat from front to back. He threatened viciously while scratching, "If you don't agree to marry me and dare to run away, I will use this firewood head to split you in half when I catch you." Several black marks of firewood heads were left on the white pointed hat, thick in the middle and thin on the edges. This is the origin of the black stripes on the pointed hats of Jinuo women today. When kidnapping Bululei, Zemula tied her hands and feet with rattan ropes. She struggled desperately1. The rattan ropes rubbed her arms and calves to the point of skin and flesh, and bright red blood stains were printed on the white dress, which was a manifestation of Bululei's loyalty to love. From then on, Jinuo women's dresses were inlaid with red, black and other stripes to commemorate Bululei's loyalty to love. Jinuo women like to wear earrings very much. Their earrings are mostly hollow cylindrical corks or bamboo tubes and flowers. Jinuo Mountain is full of flowers and lush grass all year round. Jinuo women insert the flowers and green grass they pick into the sides of their earplugs or into the holes of their earplugs for decoration. Some women change the flowers and grass several times a day to keep them fresh. Usually when girls are seven or eight years old, they will pierce their ears and insert bamboo or wooden tubes. As they grow older, the earplugs will also change from thin to thick, and the ear holes will gradually expand. When they are fifteen or sixteen years old, when they insert fragrant and beautiful flowers into their ears, it means that they have reached adulthood and can talk about love. The Jinuo traditionally believes that the size of the ear hole is a symbol of whether a woman is hardworking or not. If she has no ear holes, she will be regarded as a lazy person by the world. When young men and women are in love, they like to give each other bouquets of flowers and insert them into each other's ear holes or earring holes to express their love. (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.) (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.)