Pingnan Luantan Opera

Fujian
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Luantan is a local opera that was introduced from the north to eastern Fujian in the middle of the Qing Dynasty and combined with local folk operas. For more than 200 years, the original form of Luantan tunes still exists in Shoushan Village, Pingnan County and other places. During the performance process, it has continuously absorbed Hui tunes, Han tunes, Tan tunes and folk tunes to become a multi-voice opera. Its main singing style is still based on the "flat" tune developed from Xiqin tune and Chui tune. It is one of the influential ancient operas in Fujian Province. In the tenth year of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty (1830), Shoushan Village, with Su Zhaosui as the troupe owner, hired famous Luantan artists from Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces to establish the "Sanxingfu" Luantan troupe, which performed in various places in Pingnan. During the performance process, it continuously absorbed Hui tunes, Han tunes, Tan tunes and folk tunes to become a multi-voice opera. Another type of tune in Pingnan Luantan Opera is Diepai, which is very distinctive, with a simple and smooth melody. It is a set of sub-songs with different variations of the same tune from simple to complex, such as three-character Diepai, five-character Diepai, six-character Diepai, seven-character Diepai, cross Diepai, Ji Diepai, Wenzhou Diepai, etc. The traditional repertoire of Luantan Opera is numerous and diverse. It is said that there were more than 100 in the early days. The representative repertoires that are often performed are summarized as "Five Fates", "Six Pairings", "Nine Pavilions" and "Thirteen Belts".

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