Henan opera is also called Henan Bangzi, Henan Gaodiao, Henan Ou, and in the mountainous areas of western Henan, it is called Kaoshanhou. It is an extremely important branch of Bangzi opera in my country, deeply loved by the general public, mainly popular in Henan Province, and spread all over the country. Henan opera has a history of hundreds of years. As early as the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, it had become a very influential opera in Henan. During its formation and development, Henan opera absorbed the artistic elements of Kunqu, Chuiqiang, Pihuang and other Bangzi operas, and widely absorbed the popular music, quyi rap and folk songs in Henan, forming a simple, honest, rich and delicate, and local flavor. Henan opera has rich repertoire resources, among which there are nearly a thousand traditional repertoires. In history, there was a saying that "there are 3,000 Tang and 800 Song, but there are endless Three Kingdoms". Many traditional repertoires such as "Beheading Son", "Shepherd's Scroll", "Liu Quan Brings Melons", "Holding Pipa", "Chopping Guo Huai", "Red Goes Down the Mountain", "Big Sacrifice", "Borrowing Wife", "Matchmaker", "Mulan", "Mu Guiying Takes Command", "Duel of Flowers", "Tang Zhixian's Review of Imperial Edicts" have been performed on the stage for a long time. There are four major types of music in Henan opera music, dozens of singing styles, and dozens of singing methods. Its singing style not only has a variety of local singing styles, such as Henan East Tune, Xiangfu Tune, Henan West Tune, Shahe Tune, Gaodiao, etc., but also accommodates a variety of tunes with ten-character sentences, seven-character sentences, five-character sentences and long and short sentences in lyrics, forming many artistic schools in performance and singing. The accompaniment of Henan opera is divided into two types: civil and martial. The civil instruments mainly include banhu, erhu, sanxian, yueqin, pi hum, flute, etc., while the martial instruments include bangu, bangzi, big gong, small gong, etc. The "four males", "four females" and "four painted faces" constitute the role system of Henan opera. The "four males" are old males, big red faces, second red faces and young males; the "four females" are qingyi, huadan, old females and caidan; the "four painted faces" are black faces, big painted faces, second painted faces and third painted faces. Since modern times, a group of famous artists have emerged in the development of Henan opera, such as Chang Xiangyu, Wang Runzhi, Ma Shuangzhi, Chen Suzhen, Cui Lantian, Ma Jinfeng and Yan Lipin, who have pushed Henan opera to a higher level with diversified artistic styles. Henan opera has long been influenced by the culture of the Central Plains, especially the local culture of the Yellow River Basin. It has formed a unique Henan local style in terms of repertoire, stage performance, character creation, expression, music and singing, etc., with a strong regional cultural color, and has become a precious treasure in the treasure house of Chinese national opera. Due to the rapid development of the times, social ideology and aesthetic trends have undergone tremendous changes, and the survival of Henan opera has begun to face a crisis. The number of audiences has shrunk sharply, there is a lack of performing talents, and many traditional repertoires, especially representative regional repertoires, have almost been lost. This situation urgently needs to be changed, and the rescue and protection of Henan opera should be implemented as soon as possible.