In ancient times, working people used dough objects instead of living things to avoid disasters and seek peace during major festivals, celebrations or funerals, to worship the heaven and earth, pray to the gods, and offer sacrifices to ancestors. They could eat them afterwards. In the Tang Dynasty, there were raw dough sculptures, cooked dough sculptures with brushed colors and cooked dough sculptures with dyed colors. By the Ming Dynasty, it had developed into an independent art appreciation product. In the Qing Dynasty, it developed from simple animal and fruit dough sculptures to human figure dough sculptures. Shandong Caozhou dough sculptures are most famous for ladies, civil officials, military generals and characters from famous books. Starting from the beginning of the last century, dough sculpture artists named Wang, Guo, He and Yang made improvements to the production of dough sculpture materials. Later, it was passed on to the senior student named Li. The dough sculptures made of wheat flour and glutinous rice flour were mixed with various colors and mixed into various doughs. They can be used after steaming. The basic colors of dough sculptures are divided into five to seven colors, and more than 200 colors can be adjusted. Dough figurines have been passed down from ancient times to the present day and can be basically divided into the following categories: (1) "Flower offering" dough figurines: mostly livestock and poultry, peaches, pears, fruits, fat dolls, old people, etc., with rough kneading techniques, simple style, simple colors, and strong contrast. This is the traditional technique of dough figurines from generation to generation, and it is a basic skill that must be passed down. (2) Single-person dough figurines: mostly elegant, romantic ladies, military generals, characters from famous books, innocent children, etc., which have been gradually developed and formed in the late Qing Dynasty. They are vivid and lifelike. (3) Sound dough figurines and dynamic dough figurines: mostly children's toys. The works are equipped with whistles that can make sounds when blown by the mouth, or the wind can make the dough figurines move. They are mostly walked through the streets and alleys, set up stalls at temple fairs, and attract children. (4) Boxed group figurines: In a box, several figures are sculpted to express a story, forming a series. They are small and exquisite, delicate and lifelike, and are high-end arts and crafts. (5) Sketching dough sculpture: Based on the people or animals in front of you, you can improvise and create images. The technique is skillful and the characteristics are obvious. (6) Architectural dough sculpture: Based on legends, descriptions in famous works, and on-site observations, you can come up with a variety of pavilions, terraces, towers, and pavilions with brilliant colors and lifelike shapes, and add figures to create a fairyland. Dough sculpture can create more than a thousand different objects. As long as people need them, they can be molded and expressed for decoration and collection. The representative artists of "flower offering" dough sculpture are Wang Qingyuan, Guo Xiangyun, Li Xinqi, Li Xinfa, etc.; the representative artists of single-person dough sculpture are Li family artists, such as Li Chaoxun, Li Junxing, Li Junfu, Li Jincheng, etc.; the representative artists of sound dough sculpture and dynamic dough sculpture are Li Xinqi, Li Xinfa, Wang Jiande, etc.; the representative artists of boxed group sculpture are Li Junxing, Li Jincheng, Li Fangge, Li Fangqing, etc.; the architectural scene dough sculpture is by Li Jincheng and Li Jufang, who explored on their own. In order to express the overall effect of the story and the effect of the character environment, their family often went to mountains and rivers, pavilions, temples, theaters, costume shops, and antique shops to accumulate a lot of dough sculpture art materials for creation; sketching dough sculpture is an important part of learning for those who learn dough sculpture. When old artists take apprentices, sketching is an important part of their learning, which is inseparable from basic skills. Li Jufang is the inheritor of the dough sculpture family "Dough Man Li". In 1980, Li Jufang came to Luoyang with her father. Under the instruction of her father Li Jincheng, her dough sculpture skills improved rapidly. No matter where she participated in performances, competitions, and exhibitions across the country, she caused a sensation. She is good at ancient costume characters, and has unique skills in dough sculptures of beautiful landscapes, pavilions, and towers. She has surpassed her father. Her works "Dream of Red Mansions Characters", "Three Kingdoms Characters", "Water Margin Characters" and so on have been selected for Luoyang Folk Art Exhibition, Luoyang Cultural Products Exhibition, Henan Folk Art Exhibition, the 69th World Expo in France, Shenzhen "Mianxiu China" Park performance and exhibition for many years. Her products have been sold all over the world, and her works have caused a sensation at home and abroad. Wherever she went with her father, local media and overseas media reported on it, calling it "a dough sculpture family with successors". In 1989, she went to Shenzhen "Mianxiu China" with her father to perform and exhibit dough sculptures, and returned to Luoyang two years later to continue her dough sculpture career. In 2001, Luoyang Folk Artists Association accepted him as a member; in 2002, Henan Folk Artists Association accepted him as a member.