Nongdong Festival of the Zhuang Nationality

Guangxi
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The Nongdong Festival of the Zhuang nationality is a traditional large-scale festival held regularly by the Zhuang people in the "Dong" unit, which integrates sacrifice and blessing, gathering and making friends, singing and expressing feelings, commodity trade and cultural and sports entertainment. "Nongdong" is directly translated as "Xiadong" in the Zhuang nationality. "Nong" means "down, hold", and "Dong" refers to terrain such as flat land and plains, as well as settlement space and agricultural irrigation space. Before the Republic of China, it was the name of a grassroots administrative unit. Dong also refers to the festival itself. People call participating in the Nongdong Festival "leaving the Dong". The Zhuang Nongdong Festival is mainly spread in the four counties (districts) of Longzhou, Daxin, Tiandeng and Jiangzhou in Chongzuo City in the Zuojiang River Basin of the China-Vietnam border in Guangxi and Funing County in Yunnan. The Nongdong Festival in Longzhou and Daxin counties is the most representative. The Nong, Tai, Pubiao and Reyi ethnic groups in northern Vietnam also celebrate this festival. The Nongdong Festival of the Zhuang nationality originated in the pre-Qin period, formed in the Qin and Han dynasties, flourished in the Tang and Song dynasties, prospered in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and continues to the present. The Nongdong Festival was originally a sacrificial and blessing activity in the Luoyue era. There are many legends about it, among which the legends of "offering a thousand gold coins to pray for rain" and singing songs to choose a spouse in the lower Dong are the most representative. The Nongdong Festival has its origins in "Dong". The Zhuang people have long lived in the mountain plains called "Dong", forming the "Dong culture". The Nongdong Festival is a manifestation of the customs of the Zhuang people to adapt to the environment. "Yexian" in "Youyang Miscellaneous Records Sequel" by Duan Chengshi in the Tang Dynasty first recorded the story of the southern people in the pre-Qin Wudong (now Jiangzhou District, Chongzuo City) celebrating the "Dong Festival" and the story of the cave girl Yexian. The Nongdong Festival was recorded in the notes of literati and local chronicles after the Song Dynasty, showing that it is a long-lasting millennium tradition. The Zhuang Nongdong Festival is mainly held in spring and autumn, with the most common period from the first month to the fourth month of the lunar calendar, and a small number of festivals are held in autumn. Historically, each natural village has agreed to a fixed and staggered festival period to ensure that everyone can go to each village to participate in activities. The Nongdong Festival is based on the village as a unit to gather people to worship and pray, young men and women meet to sing and express their feelings, and relatives and friends gather to communicate. At the same time, traditional sports competitions and cultural performances and entertainment activities such as trade, dragon and lion dances, grabbing fireworks, throwing embroidered balls, and playing tops are also held. The festival content is rich and colorful. The Zhuang Nongdong Festival has a long history, a wide range of spread, and a long duration. It is a representative festival of ethnic groups in the karst region of South China and even Southeast Asia. It carries a heavy rice-growing cultural code and has great historical and literary value. The festival is based on the village as a unit, and it breaks through the limitations of the village, reflecting the harmonious cultural concept of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, man and man, and man and society. It has positive significance for today's rural governance, rural revitalization, and consolidation of cross-border ethnic traditional friendship. On May 24, 2021, the Zhuang Nongdong Festival applied by Chongzuo City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was approved by the State Council to be included in the fifth batch of national intangible cultural heritage representative projects. (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.) (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.)

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