Yugu, also known as Daoqing, is a form of folk storytelling art closely related to Taoist music. According to the Daoqing entry in Cihai, Daoqing "originates from the Taoist songs of the Tang Dynasty, such as 'Jiuzhen' and 'Chengtian', which use Taoist stories as themes and promote the idea of transcendence. Yugu and Jianban were used as accompaniment instruments in the Southern Song Dynasty, so it is also called 'Yugu'. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it has been widely spread, and the themes have also expanded. It has been combined with folk songs in various places and developed into many kinds of folk art." Those popular in Shandong are collectively called "Shandong Yugu". Its development is related to the prosperity of Taoism in Qi and Lu. After the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the "Longmen School" founded by Taoist Qiu Chuji flourished and spread from Longmen Mountain to all parts of Shandong along the southwest of Shandong. Today, Shandong Yugu artists are all disciples of the four major branches of "Qiu Zu Longmen School", namely Zeng, Chai, Yang, and Zhang. Some of them have been Taoist priests for several generations. Yugu artists can also hang up their names in temples, and Taoist priests will provide them with food and accommodation free of charge. Yugu is widely spread in Shandong. In the past, there were many singing styles of "Nankou" such as Kaoshanhong, Liangpoyang, Daguanqiang, Xiaoguanqiang, Hanqiang Yugu, etc. In recent decades, only Hanqiang Yugu has become popular. Hanqiang Yugu is centered in Jining and spread throughout the central and southwestern parts of Shandong. Zhai Jiaoyin is the representative. His singing style is fluent and delicate, and he pays attention to charm. Influenced by the tunes of Huagu, he likes to sing folk ethical relationships and books with pastoral flavor. His direct disciple Wang Yongtian is good at singing long books. He does not pursue charm too much, but pays attention to being bright and powerful, and catching up with the board and grabbing words, turning singing into speaking. The singing of another disciple of Zhai, Hao Yuliang, is somewhere in between. This is because Yugu has no string accompaniment and can be recited freely. The singer can fully play freely according to personal conditions. "Beikou" is mainly popular in the northwest of Shandong. During the Jiaqing and Xianfeng years of the Qing Dynasty, Kang Laoxue and Han Jiaode of Linqing were the representatives. They pay attention to pronunciation and have a slow and beautiful singing style. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Wang Shenggui of Boping went to Jinan and sang outside the south gate of Baotu Spring. "Dongkou" spread to Laiyang, Jimo, Jiaozhou and other places, also known as "Jiaodong Yugu". Represented by Wang Xueliang and Gao Liuyi, the singing rhythm is slow and the melody is strong. But now "Beikou" and "Dongkou" are no longer heard. There is also a square singing performance, "Leling Yugu", with singing and chorus, and as many as a dozen actors. For more than a hundred years, it has been circulated in Wangdoushu Village, Leling, northern Shandong, and performed for self-entertainment after work. It is different from other types of Yugu in terms of modulation, melody, and performance. Although it belongs to the category of Yugu, it should be an independent song. Yugu performance is simple, free chanting, and the main instrument is Yugu, which can also be used as a prop. Although it is called "Daoqing", it has long evolved into folk storytelling, and there is very little Huangguan air. Most of the books currently in circulation are folk stories that reflect family ethics, such as "Rolling Noodle Soup", "Meng Zheng's Fasting", and other singing segments, "Double Lock Cabinet", "Long Sanjie's Birthday Celebration", and other medium-length books. After entering Jining and other cities, many public cases and robe and belt books were added, such as "Da Hong Pao", "Xihua Street", "Yue Tang Biography", etc. It is worth noting that fishing drums in various places still retain the book segments of "Han Xiangzi's Birthday Celebration" and "Sandu Lin Ying", which is a trace of the residual relationship between fishing drums and Taoism. (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.) (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.)