Long tune is called "Uriting Dao" in Mongolian. Short tune is called "Baoguni Dao" in Mongolian. Both are typical singing styles of Mongolian folk songs. The Mongolian people have created their own brilliant civilization in the long history and are famous for their singing and dancing. The Mongolian long tune and short tune, a unique singing form with nomadic culture and regional culture, tells the history of this nation in its unique language and interprets the footprints of this nation's reproduction and development. According to the records of "Wei Shu Gaoche Biography" and other historical books, the Mongolian long tune is likely to have originated from the Qiyuan clan of the Gaoche people, who have a history of at least 2,000 years. During the Mongol Empire and its heyday when the Mongols occupied the historical stage, the long and short tunes of Mongolian folk songs have made great progress, and influenced many other ethnic groups, regions and countries in or before the Mongol Yuan Dynasty. Long tune folk songs are pastoral genres that reflect the nomadic life of the Mongolian people. They are large in length, free in rhythm, broad in breath, deep in emotion, and have unique and delicate vibrato decorations. Long-tune folk songs are sung in Mongolian. They have a slow rhythm, few words and long intonations, and their styles vary from region to region. In the singing of some long notes, long-tune folk songs can be freely extended according to the singer's mood. From the melody style and singing style, they have the characteristics of vast, bold and rough grassland folk songs. Short-tune folk songs have short tunes and fast rhythms, which are different from long-tune folk songs. Obviously different from long-tune folk songs, short-tune folk songs are shorter in length, compact in tune, neat and distinct in rhythm, and relatively narrow in range. Short-tune folk songs are mainly popular in semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas where Mongolians and Han people live together. Performers often sing impromptu and are very flexible. Its musical characteristics are simple tunes, few ornaments, and little ups and downs in the melody line, with distinct recitative characteristics. The rhythm standard mostly adopts a single beat, and the form is mostly a symmetrical square structure. In addition to a large number of upper and lower phrase structures, there are also complex forms consisting of three, four, five or even more phrases. The lyrics are usually four sentences in a paragraph, forming a stanza form, which is sung repeatedly in different rhythmic steps. It is simple and easy to learn, suitable for all ages, and has a wide range of mass appeal. The subject matter is very wide, covering almost all areas of Mongolian social life, including love songs, drinking songs, wedding songs, birthday songs, narrative songs, and other songs. For thousands of years, the Mongolians on the Gorlos grassland like to use long and short tunes to sing about life, praise nature, express their hearts, and pray for the future. This ancient and contemporary music form has been sung by the vast Mongolian people and outstanding singers from generation to generation. It has been deeply rooted in people's hearts. The beautiful and soothing melody and the majestic style constitute a profound artistic conception, which is worthy of being the soul of Mongolian music. (Note: When the project was applied for the third batch of national lists, the original project name "long tune, short tune" was changed to "Mongolian long tune, short tune". Information source: Jilin Province Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center Information source: Jilin Province Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center