Frontiers of the Roman Empire
The "Roman Walls" represent the border line of the Roman Empire at its height in the 2nd century AD. It stretched for more than 5,000 km, from the Atlantic coast in the north of Britain, through Europe to the Black Sea, and from there to the Red Sea, through North Africa to the Atlantic coast. Today, the remains of the wall include remains of ramparts, trenches, forts, fortresses, watchtowers and civilian settlements. Some parts of the line have been excavated, some reconstructed, and some destroyed. The two sections of the German Wall are 550 km long and stretch from northwest Germany to the Danube River in the southeast. The 118 km long Hadrian's Wall (UK) was built by Emperor Hadrian around 122 AD on the northernmost border of the Roman province of Britannia. It is a classic example of military zone organization and demonstrates ancient Roman defensive technology and geopolitical strategy. The Antonine Wall is a 60 km long fortification in Scotland, built by Emperor Antoninus Pisce in 142 AD to defend against "barbarians" from the north. It formed the northwesternmost part of the Roman border.