Intangible culture with Related Tags
Caijiawa Five-tone Drum
Caijiawa Wuyin Dagu is a form of folk art popular in Miyun District, Beijing. Its predecessor, Wuyin Dagu, was popular around the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. It was first performed in the palace as a self-entertainment in the form of "Qingyinhui". Later, it spread to the people and was spread by artists to the southern part of Beijing, Tianjin, and Xinglong and Anci (now Langfang) in Hebei. Among them, the branch introduced to Anci mutated and gave birth to the "Single Qin Dagu" or "Beijing Qinshu"; and the branch spread to Xinglong, Hebei and nearby Miyun, Beijing, was completely preserved in the Wumudi natural village of Caijiawa Village, Jugezhuang Town and its surrounding areas until it was "rediscovered" in 1998.
Yangko (Xiaohongmen Yangko)
Xiaohongmen "Di Yangge" is a traditional Yangge dance that is popular in Xiaohongmen area of Chaoyang District, Beijing. Its full name is "Taiping Tongle Yangge Shenghui". On a flag of the association that has been preserved to this day, there is the words "Taiping Tongle Yangge Shenghui in Hongsi Village outside Zuoanmen started in the second year of Qianlong". The Yangge Association has strict rules, customs and etiquette. Most of the members in the association are Manchus, all of whom are men. Xiaohongmen Di Yangge is mainly performed during festivals and various festive activities. The Yangge team consists of 21 people: 2 people each play the role of Tuotou, Xiaoerge, Wenshan, Wushan, Fisherman, and Woodcutter; 4 people each play gongs and drums; 1 person plays the big gong; 2 flag bearers; 2 people carry the tent (cage shaking). Di Yangge performance is mainly dance, supplemented by singing. In the past, the association often performed for large-scale celebrations and sacrificial activities. For example, during the "Sacrificial Granary" activity held in Hongsi Village on the 25th day of the first lunar month to pray for God to bless the crops, after the "Add Granary" ceremony (adding Granary means collecting more grain and not leaving the granary empty) was completed, the Diyangge was performed. At present, the association only continues the festival celebration activities, and the sacrificial activities are not continued. In the past, the Xiaohongmen Diyangge performance was a combination of singing and dancing. At present, there are very few people who can sing, and they no longer sing during performances. There are still a large number of Yangge lyrics in the Yangge Association, but there is no singing score, and it is on the verge of being lost. According to old artists, Xiaohongmen Diyangge once had 64 performance routines, and only 22 sets are preserved now.
Making Techniques of Tianfuhao Braised Pork Elbow
Tianfuhao Braised Pork Shop was founded in the third year of Emperor Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1738). At that time, Shandong suffered from a severe drought and no crops were harvested. Liu Fengxiang, a native of Ye County, Shandong, led his grandson Liu Diming to escape the famine and come to Beijing to make a living. They opened a braised pork shop at the northeast corner of Xidan Archway and named it "Tianfuhao", which means a blessing from heaven. The braised pork elbows made by Tianfuhao are crispy and delicious, with excellent quality, attracting everyone from high-ranking officials to ordinary people to patronize. Empress Dowager Cixi also praised it after tasting it, and gave it a "Tianfuhao waist badge", stipulating that Tianfuhao would deliver braised pork elbows to the palace every day with a fixed amount of waist badges. Since then, "Tianfuhao Braised Pork Elbows" have become tributes and their reputation has been boosted. In 1993, "Tianfuhao" was rated as a "Chinese time-honored brand". So far, "Tianfuhao" has been passed down for eight generations. In the historical changes of more than 270 years, its braised pork elbows and other products have always maintained superior quality. The skill of making Tianfuhao braised pork elbow was formed by the Liu family's grandfather and grandson through repeated research in the business. The method of making braised pork elbow is unique and different from others. Tianfuhao braised pork elbow is made of fine materials. After being made, it is fat but not greasy, lean but not dry, and the skin is not greasy. It has a rich and mellow aroma. Since the beginning of the 21st century, due to the heavy burden of old enterprises, shortage of funds and talents, small production sites, aging of skilled workers, outflow of skilled talents and other reasons, the inheritance of Tianfuhao braised pork elbow making skills has become increasingly difficult and there is a lack of successors. To change this situation, effective protection measures must be formulated as soon as possible.
The making techniques of Fangshan (Imperial cuisine of the Qing Dynasty)
Fangshan Restaurant in Beijing is a time-honored Chinese restaurant that serves imperial cuisine. It is located in a group of ancient buildings built during the Qianlong period, including Yilan Hall and Daoningzhai in Beihai Park. It was founded in 1925 by several imperial chefs from the imperial kitchen of the Qing Palace. "Fangshan" means to prepare dishes and snacks in a way that imitates the methods of the imperial kitchen of the palace. It has a history of 85 years. Fangshan Restaurant is a research and collation, inheritance and innovation, and management and protection unit of the imperial cuisine of the Qing Dynasty. In decades of operation, it has always maintained the characteristics of imperial cuisine. In order to explore and develop famous imperial cuisine, Fangshan Restaurant sent people to the Palace Museum many times, and sorted out hundreds of dishes from the Qianlong and Guangxu periods in the vast archives of imperial cuisine. Among them, the most distinctive ones are anchovies, golden toad jade abalone, first-class official bird's nest, oil-cooked prawns, palace gate fish, and fried chicken breast; famous snacks include pea yellow, kidney bean rolls, small steamed bread, minced meat biscuits, etc. In 1979, after excavation and sorting, Fangshan Restaurant launched the first Qing imperial cuisine in China, which attracted wide attention from the food circles of all countries in the world. The imperial cuisine uses precious raw materials such as the eight delicacies of mountains, sea, poultry and grass, and adopts the grilling techniques of the Manchu people and the stewing and braising techniques of the Han people. It combines the essence of the flavors of the north and the south, and is rich and colorful, which is a magnificent sight.
Heritage with Related Tags
Eastern Qing Tombs
The Eastern Qing Tombs are located in Tangshan City, Hebei Province. They are the largest and most complete imperial mausoleum complex in my country, integrating royal culture, filial piety culture, funeral culture, ancient inscriptions and architectural art. The Eastern Qing Tombs were first built in the 18th year of Shunzhi (1661) and lasted for 274 years until the two imperial concubines of Emperor Tongzhi were buried in Huifei's mausoleum in 1935. There are 15 mausoleums and more than 580 single buildings distributed within the 80 square kilometers of protection area of the Eastern Qing Tombs, where 5 emperors, 15 queens, 136 concubines, 3 princes, and 2 princesses, a total of 161 people, are buried. Among the people buried in the Eastern Qing Tombs, there are many who had an important influence on the history of the Qing Dynasty, such as Empress Xiaozhuang Wen, a female politician in the early Qing Dynasty who assisted Emperor Shizu and Emperor Shengzu; Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong, who created the "Kangxi and Qianlong Prosperous Era"; Empress Dowager Cixi, who ruled China for 48 years twice behind the scenes in the late Qing Dynasty. These people played important roles in the historical stage of the Qing Dynasty, dominated the fate of the country, and were very well-known at home and abroad. Their tombs are rich in content and have extremely high historical value.
Prince Gong's Mansion
In the southwest corner of the scenic Shichahai in Beijing, there is a long, quiet street shaded by green willows. In this street, there is a prince's mansion, which is the most intact Prince Gong's Mansion among the existing prince's mansions. The predecessor of Prince Gong's Mansion was the residence of Heshen, a powerful official in the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, and the residence of Yonglin, the younger brother of Emperor Jiaqing. As the residence of a prince in the Qing Dynasty, Prince Gong's Mansion has a regular architectural layout, excellent craftsmanship, and staggered pavilions, which fully reflects the glorious and wealthy style of the royal family and the elegant and simple charm of the people. Prince Gong's Mansion consists of two parts: the mansion and the garden. It is about 330 meters long from north to south and more than 180 meters wide from east to west. It covers an area of about 61,120 square meters, of which the mansion covers 32,260 square meters and the garden covers 28,860 square meters. The mansion buildings are divided into three roads: east, middle and west. Each road from south to north is composed of multiple courtyards with a strict central axis running through it. The main buildings in the middle road are Yin'an Hall and Jiale Hall. The roof of the hall is made of green glazed tiles, which shows the majesty of the middle road and also reflects the prince's status. The main house in the front yard of the east road is called Duofuxuan. There is a wisteria that has grown for more than 200 years in front of the hall. It is still growing well today, which is extremely rare in Beijing. The main house in the back yard of the east road is called "Ledao Hall", which was the living place of Prince Gong Yixin. The quadrangle of the west road is relatively small and exquisite, and the main buildings are Baoguang Room and Xijinzhai. The masterpiece is the tall and imposing Xijinzhai. There are exquisitely carved nanmu partitions in the hall, which are the style of Heshen imitating the Ningshou Palace in the Forbidden City (this is one of the "twenty major crimes" for Heshen's extravagance and excessiveness). At the deepest part of the mansion, there is a two-story rear building, which is 156 meters long from east to west. There are 88 windows on the back wall and 108 rooms inside, commonly known as "99 and a half rooms", which means "full when full" in Taoism.
Yaji Mountain Scenic Area
Yaji Mountain is a Taoist holy place in North China. It is 368 meters above sea level, with a total area of 5 square kilometers and an ancient building area of 8,404.18 square meters. It is located in Liujiadian, Pinggu District. It is named because of the two peaks that are towering like the buns on the heads of ancient girls. It enjoys many reputations such as "Golden Summit", "Tai Dai in the East of the Capital", and "Near the Capital Blessing". The Bixia Yuanjun Temple on Yaji Mountain has a history of more than 1,300 years. It was built in the early Tang Dynasty and began to be valued by the royal family in the Ming Dynasty. It was given plaques such as "The Imperial Palace for Protecting the Country". Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty visited Yaji Mountain many times to pay homage. Especially since Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, Yaji Mountain has been regarded as the royal family temple, which has led to its prosperity and glory, and it was named "Near the Capital Blessing".
Putuo Zongcheng Temple
The Putuo Zongcheng Temple is located in the north of the Mountain Resort and the south of the Lion Ditch in Chengde City, Hebei Province, covering an area of 220,000 square meters. It is the largest of the Eight Outer Temples in Chengde. It was built in the 36th year of Emperor Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1771). It was built by Emperor Qianlong to celebrate his 60th birthday and his mother, the Empress Dowager's 80th birthday, imitating the Potala Palace in Tibet.