Taining Dayuan Nuo Dance

Fujian
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Dayuan Nuo dance is a sacrificial ritual of primitive hunting, totem worship, commemoration of benefactors, worship of ancestors, and worship of the gods. Dayuan Nuo dance originated in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty and spread in the border area of Fujian and Jiangxi. It is more popular in Xinqiao Township, Taining, with villages such as Shangdayuan, Xiadayuan, Changling, and Pengkeng. Among them, the Nuo dance in Dayuan Village has the most local characteristics. In 2005, "Taining Dayuan Nuo Dance" was approved by the People's Government of Fujian Province to be included in the first batch of provincial intangible cultural heritage lists in Fujian Province. Taining Dayuan Nuo dance is a relic of the Nuo culture of the ancient Yue ancestors. Its dance posture is primitive, simple and unrestrained. Nuo dance performers wear masks to lead the dance. The image they play is basically a combination of human and poultry (animals), emphasizing that divinity is better than human nature. The fantasy color is extremely strong and shrouded in the atmosphere of primitive religion. The movements of "walking on the hexagram", "-", "millstone rotation", "face-off" and so on in the Nuo dance reflect the scenes of labor, life and war in primitive society. Dayuan Nuo dance is closely related to clan sacrifices and folk festivals. For example, praying for a good harvest, celebrating the harvest, welcoming temple fairs, celebrations, competitions, and entertainment parties all invite Nuo dance teams to participate. Sacrificial performances are mainly performed in ancestral halls and temple fairs, mainly to remember ancestors, worship ancestors, and worship -, which is a symbol of exorcising evil spirits and praying for peace. The music beats out the sonorous sound of gongs and drums. The music played by Wenyue mainly includes traditional tunes such as "Open the Door", "Red Embroidered Shoes", and "No Night". The entire Nuo dance team is mainly controlled and directed by the two wooden fish sounds in the front, and the speed, strength, and weakness of the drum beats are all directed by them, coordinated and unified. The props used in Dayuan Nuo dance are: masks, drums, ruler boards, wooden fish, and flags. Nuo masks are the characteristics of Nuo culture, and the materials used to make them include wood, leather, mud, stone, cloth, paper, etc. The Dayuan Nuo dance mask is made of camphor wood, carved and painted. It is not afraid of insects, not easy to decay, and easy to preserve. The mask art styles are diverse, ghosts, gods, humans and animals, with different shapes, some are majestic and solemn, righteous, some are simple and naive, elegant and quiet, some are fierce and ferocious, charming and humorous, showing a unique beauty of shape. Mask classification: Maitreya Buddha, Four Heavenly Kings, Guardian Heavenly Lord, Gods of wind, rain, water and fire, Golden Boy and Jade Girl, Heavenly Soldiers with Golden Bells and Drums, etc. The dance movements are simple and vigorous, and are passed down by word of mouth and practice, retaining more of the original charm. It is one of the most ethnic folk arts in the border area of Fujian and Jiangxi, and is called "the living fossil of ancient Chinese dance."

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