The tea-picking opera in southern Jiangxi has a long history and is a performance form that integrates the essence of Hakka culture. It was formed in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties and has a history of about 400 years. The "Encyclopedia of Chinese Opera and Variety Arts Volume" states: "The tea-picking opera first appeared in the Jiulongshan tea area in Anyuan County, southern Jiangxi." In Jiulong Tea Mountain, tea farmers sang loudly to relieve the hard work and to convey mutual emotions and information; tea farmers also went from village to village to entertain themselves in the form of folk lanterns during festivals and harvest celebrations. As a result, "tea-picking songs" and "tea-picking lanterns" came into being. The tea-picking opera in southern Jiangxi was gradually formed and developed on the basis of "tea-picking songs" and "tea-picking lanterns" by absorbing other folk arts in southern Jiangxi. By the end of the Ming and early Qing dynasties, the tea-picking opera in southern Jiangxi had become a local opera with a profession, a unique performance style, and musical characteristics, and there were also professional classes and societies, and it was successively spread to Fujian, Guangdong, Hunan, Hubei, Yunnan, Taiwan and other places. By the early days of liberation, Gannan Tea Picking Opera had more than 100 traditional repertoires, some of which have been lost. The most representative of them are the four major plays commonly known as the "Four Great King Kongs": "Four Sisters' Rebellion", "Selling Groceries", "Going to Guangdong", and "Persuading the Husband". There are also "Looking at the Girl", "Repairing Leather Shoes", "Fishing for Crutch", and "Old and Young Pairing" known as the "Four Little King Kongs". The music of Gannan Tea Picking Opera is rich and colorful, with more than 300 tunes. Its style is very distinctive, with beautiful and lyrical melodies, singing and dancing, a relaxed and lively atmosphere, and humorous language. It integrates folk oral literature, folk songs and dances, and lanterns, and has a strong local flavor. Its musical singing belongs to the tune form. According to its different modes, string paths, and functions, it is divided into four categories: "tea tune", "lantern tune", "road tune", and "miscellaneous tune", which are referred to as "three tunes and one tune". Among them, "Burtle Dove Tune" is famous throughout the country and was adopted by the large-scale music and dance epic "The East is Red". "Long Song" was set as the keynote music of "Ten Farewells to the Red Army". The accompaniment is folk music, mainly including hook tube (erhu), suona, gong, drum, cymbals and flute. The stage language of Gannan Tea Picking Opera is the local Hakka dialect. Most of its plays are comedy and farce, with few dramas and tragedies. The themes are mostly about the daily life of the lower class, especially handicraft workers and craftsmen, and the proportion of love stories is large. In addition to music, the most representative characteristics of Gannan Tea Picking Opera are its unique performance forms "three wonders", namely: dwarf steps, single sleeves, and fan flowers. In addition, the performance form of "clowns in charge" is also a major feature, mainly manifested in the two professions of clowns and young female actors. There was once a saying that "three clowns form a class, and two young ones are in charge". There are two types of clowns: one is "clowns in handsome costumes", called "positive clowns", mainly young and middle-aged men among the working people; the other is "clowns in ugly costumes", called "anti-clowns", mostly some smokers, gangsters, hooligans, and playboys. Xiaodan: mainly hardworking, simple, and smart rural girls and young women. The traditional repertoires of Gannan Tea Picking Opera are mostly comedies. It does not rely on complete stories and bizarre plots to attract audiences, but on humorous, witty, and lively performances and singing. It is never boring and has been performed for a long time. New repertoires such as "Folk Song Love" and "Long Red Straps Dedicated to Hakka Mothers' Love" have won the "Five One Project Award" of the Central Propaganda Department and the "Wenhua Award" of the Ministry of Culture. The camellia flowers of the past are blooming more beautifully today.