The Legend of the Three Kingdoms is a folk literature project in the third batch of representative projects of Huai'an's municipal intangible cultural heritage. The origin of the legend The Legend of the Three Kingdoms is a folk oral literature about the characters and events of the Three Kingdoms period of Wei, Shu and Wu. It has a long history and is profound. It is an important basis for the creation of the Chinese classic "Romance of the Three Kingdoms". It has the characteristics of long history, wide range and strong interest. Since Chen Shou wrote "Records of the Three Kingdoms" in the Western Jin Dynasty, people have begun to fully understand the people and events of the Three Kingdoms era, creating conditions for the spread of the legend of the Three Kingdoms. Gan Bao's "Soushen Ji" in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Pei Songzhi's "Records of the Three Kingdoms" in the Southern Dynasty, and Liu Yiqing's "Shishuo Xinyu" marked the further development of the legend of the Three Kingdoms, from pure historiography to literature-based and historical. In the Tang Dynasty, the legend of the Three Kingdoms was widely spread. In the Song Dynasty, there was a specialty of "telling the Three Kingdoms". In the Yuan Dynasty, there were many dramas about the Three Kingdoms. The advent of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" in the early Ming Dynasty and the frequent conferment of titles on Guan Yu by the emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties made the story of the Three Kingdoms well-known to everyone, including women and children. The period from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China was the heyday of the spread of the legend of the Three Kingdoms. Huai'an was the seat of the Governor's Office of the River and the Governor's Office of the Canal in the Qing Dynasty. It had a developed economy and a dense population. The population of Qingjiangpu in the old city of Huai'an alone was 30,000 in the late Ming Dynasty. In the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, it was as high as 540,000, making it one of the four major cities along the canal. The prosperity of the city brought prosperity and rapid development to the legend of the Three Kingdoms. The telling and legend of the legend of the Three Kingdoms was also given a special term "talking about the Three Kingdoms". During this period, people who talked about the Three Kingdoms were from all walks of life and all cultural levels. The venues were teahouses, bookstores, bathrooms, streets and alleys, and ordinary people's homes. There were many inheritors, and the documented inheritance pedigree has been more than a hundred years. Wen Shouquan, a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty, was praised as the "Old Three Kingdoms". After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Wenyuan Bookstore and Shouquan Bookstore, which were built successively on Dongda Street, were named after him. Today, Zhang Yuanding in Qinghe District, Huai'an City is the third-generation disciple of Wen Shouquan. He is good at telling the legend of the Three Kingdoms and is quite famous in the local area. Basic content The content of the legend of the Three Kingdoms is very rich. There are legends about place names, legends about the origin of dish names, and legends about the Three Kingdoms. The following are more representative. Legends about place names: "Legend of Guancheng": During the Jian'an period of Emperor Xian of Han (196-220), after Guan Yu defeated Ji Ling at Shiting, Huaiyin, he expected that Yuan's army would make a comeback, so he built a mud city in the Zhangzhuang area, and for wartime needs, blocked the east and west gates, leaving only the north and south gates for use, and closed at Shenshi (35:00 p.m.) every day to prevent accidents, called Guanqianmen and Guanhoumen. There was a big family named Cheng at the south gate and the north gate, so they were called Guanqianmen Cheng and Guanhoumen Cheng. Over time, this city was called Guancheng. Soon, Ji Ling led a total of 10,000 infantry and cavalry to attack Guancheng and Hancheng respectively. Guan Yu relied on the tall and thick city walls to repel the attacks of Yuan Jun many times. However, after a few days, the food and grass were exhausted, and the military situation was urgent. When the people in the city heard about this situation, they took out their own green bran, soybeans, etc. to support Guan Jun. Guan Yu estimated that it was still not enough to make it dry. So he used his specialty to make tofu. In order to let all the soldiers eat, he poured a few more buckets of water, but the tofu was not made, but tofu pudding. The soldiers were deeply moved and wanted to go out of the city to fight to the death with Yuan Jun. Guan Jun and Zhao Lei, who was holding back Yuan Jun in Hancheng, joined forces inside and outside to defeat Yuan Jun led by Ji Ling. Ji Ling broke out of the encirclement with only a few riders and escaped. Later, Yuan Shu personally led tens of thousands of Yuan troops to counterattack. The Guan army was outnumbered and withdrew from Guancheng. The Guan army was dispersed. When Guan Yu was chased to the edge of the lotus pond and had nowhere to go, he was rescued by the lotus girl in the lotus pond, and a legendary story of a beauty saving a hero was performed. After this battle, the injured and scattered soldiers in Guanyu's army returned to Guancheng to settle down one after another. In the late Tang Dynasty, after Huang Chao started his army, he burned, killed and looted wantonly, leaving no grass behind wherever he passed. On this day, Huang Chao's army was about to approach Guancheng. The Guancheng Pavilion Chief dreamed the night before that Guan Yu asked every household in the city to plant willows to keep everyone safe. So one person spread it to ten, ten spread it to a hundred, and every household broke willows and hung them on the door. After Huang Chao led his army to Guancheng, he saw that every household had willow branches hanging, and thought that the people here were "staying (willow)" for him, so he was very happy and went around the city, and the lives of the people in the city were saved. In gratitude for Guan Yu's kindness, the people built two Guanwang Temples outside the east and west gates, called the East Temple and the West Temple, to enshrine Guan Yu's statue and worship him all year round. Although the remains of the East Temple and the West Temple were lost in the 1960s and 1970s, the name of the Guancheng and related legends have been passed down. Other legends related to the place name include "The Battle of Shiting" and "The Battle of Shiqiao". Legend about the origin of the dish: "The Legend of the Three Kingdoms Drunken Chicken": In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a Bu family on the bank of the Yuanjiang River. The owner, Bu Xiucai, had a daughter named Xiaoming, which means birdsong and flowers fragrance. She was beautiful and intelligent since childhood. Bu Xiucai died young. After his death, Xiaoming fled to Dongwu with her mother. Later, she met Sun Quan by chance and was taken as his wife. She was called Mrs. Bu. Mrs. Bu's cousin Bu Zhi (pronounced zh, birth year unknown, died in 247, courtesy name Zishan, from Huaiyin, Linhuai, an important official of the Wu Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period), served as the prime minister of the Wu Kingdom and was granted the title of Marquis of Linxiang. The legend of the drunken chicken in the Three Kingdoms is related to Mrs. Bu and her cousin Bu Zhi. Sun Quan was preparing to have a banquet for his ministers before he became emperor, and ordered each of his ministers to present a dish with local characteristics. Bu Zhi had taken a boat from Huaiyin to Jiangdong to seek refuge in his early years, wandering around and almost starving. Delicious delicacies have always been a luxury. Even after becoming an official, he was still a layman in cooking. In desperation, he had to ask Mrs. Bu for help. Mrs. Bu had no other choice, so she asked her mother Zhang for help. Zhang told such a story: Once, Zhang made a salted chicken, and happened to meet a team of Yuan army soldiers who came to collect food. In a hurry, Zhang poured the salted chicken into a wine jar and hid it. After Yuan Jun left, Zhang fished out the chicken pieces. Not knowing whether they were still edible, she let Bu Xiucai taste them. After the salted chicken was soaked in wine, the aroma of meat, wine and seasoning blended into one, and the taste was very unique. Bu Xiucai was amazed after tasting it, and it became a main dish for Bu's family to entertain guests, and the guests also praised it after eating it. Therefore, the dish made of salted chicken soaked in wine was called drunken chicken. At the emperor's banquet, Sun Quan tasted the drunken chicken presented by Bu Zhi, and suddenly felt full of fragrance, tender, soft, fresh and fragrant. He couldn't help but praise it repeatedly, and his literary inspiration came to him. He came up with a couplet: "Eating Huaiyin drunken chicken is so fragrant that I forget my hometown and dominate the world." After hearing this, many civil officials and generals looked at each other, and no one could answer. At this time, Bu Zhi stepped forward and said: "Tasting the delicious boiled fish in Fuyang makes Bu Chengxian laugh at the rivers and lakes." Sun Quan and his ministers praised it in unison. Sun Quan also said: "When I became emperor, the Three Kingdoms really began, so let's call this dish 'Drunken Chicken of the Three Kingdoms'!" The Drunken Chicken of the Three Kingdoms got its name from this. Other legends related to the name of the dish include "Soft-brained Long Fish", "Poached Eggs", "Zhang Fei Crispy Duck", "Watermelon Cake and Round Eggs", etc. Legends about those who talk about the Three Kingdoms: "Waiters Stumped the 'Old Three Kingdoms'": Among those who talk about the Three Kingdoms, there is a saying that "If you want to talk about the Three Kingdoms, you must know ten Bos". These ten Bos refer to people with "Bo" in their names and characters during the Three Kingdoms period: Emperor Xian of Han Liu Xie Liu Bohe, Cai Wenji's father Cai Yong Cai Bojie, Lü Bushe who captured and released Cao, Man Chong Man Boying who defended Fancheng, Wei generals Guo Huai Guo Boji, Hao Zhao Hao Bodao who defended Chencang, Little Overlord Sun Ce Sun Bofu, Lu Xun Lu Boyan who burned the camps, Jiang Wei Jiang Boyue who attacked the Central Plains for the ninth time, and Deng Zhi Deng Bomiao who was sent as an envoy to the Eastern Wu. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, there was a waiter named Zhang San at the Qingfu Pond (later the Happiness Pond) on Pudong Street in Laoqingjiang. He was quite dissatisfied with the saying of the ten uncles, because the most famous generals in the Three Kingdoms were surnamed Zhang, including Zhang Fei, Zhang Liao, Zhang He, Zhang Ren, etc., and there was not a single surnamed Zhang among the ten uncles, so he read the Romance of the Three Kingdoms to find one. Hard work pays off. After reading the Romance of the Three Kingdoms several times, Zhang San finally found one: Zhang Yi, whose courtesy name was Bogong, served as a general under Zhao Yun, Zhuge Liang, and Jiang Wei. Wen Shouquan, a local scholar, was knowledgeable and talented, especially good at telling stories of the Three Kingdoms, and was praised by people as the "Old Three Kingdoms". One day in the twelfth month of a certain year, Wen was telling the story of the ten uncles in the bathroom. Zhang San took the opportunity to deliberately interrupt, and Wen was very angry and scolded him for not knowing the Three Kingdoms and not interrupting casually. Zhang San knew what was going on, and then he used the carrots he was selling as a note, asking Wen Juren to name another "bo" besides the "ten bo". Wen Juren thought for a long time and was speechless, stumped by Zhang San. Zhang San then told him that the bo's name was Zhang Yi, with the courtesy name Bo Gong, and helped him out. This is "Waiter stumped 'Old Three Kingdoms'", and there are many subsequent legends related to the Three Kingdoms talkers, such as "Waiter stumped 'Old Three Kingdoms'" and "Talking about the Three Kingdoms makes everyone blush". (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.)(No pictures yet, welcome to provide.)