Yuexi Gaoqiang is an ancient and rare opera that only exists in Yuexi County, Anhui Province. It is a variation of Qingyangqiang in the Ming Dynasty and has a history of more than 300 years. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, scholars and merchants introduced Qingyangqiang to Yuexi by traveling up the Qianshui and Changhe rivers. Local scholars gathered around drums to learn and sing, and formed groups and associations, which led to the initial formation of Yuexi Gaoqiang. In the early Guangxu period, professional Gaoqiang artists from outside systematically taught stage performance art, which promoted the further development of Yuexi Gaoqiang. Yuexi Gaoqiang has a rich artistic heritage, and its opera literature, opera music, performance art and basic activity forms are all self-contained and unique in style. Through the excavation, collection and sorting of folk manuscripts in Yuexi, more than 120 kinds of plays and more than 250 plays have been accumulated, which can be divided into two categories: "main plays" and "happy songs". Among them, "main plays" account for the vast majority, including the wonderful excerpts of the five legendary plays of Nanxi Opera such as "Jingchai Ji", which have high cultural taste and literary value. Its biggest feature is that it inherits the art of "rolling tune" and develops into "smooth rolling"; "happy songs" are all auspicious words, mainly used in folk activities, and are an important part of Yuexi folk culture. The musical system of Yuexi Gaoqiang is basically a set of tunes, one singing and many people singing, accompanied by gongs and drums, "singing, helping, and beating" in a trinity, with a simple style. Artists use unique "hoop point" marks to guide singing and pass on the art. The singing of Yuexi Gaoqiang includes three forms: sitting around the drum, stage performance and performance in folk activities, with strict and mature procedural specifications. It is fully integrated into various folk lantern festivals in the country and has become an organic part of local folk culture. Since the late Qing Dynasty, Yuexi Gaoqiang has experienced several ups and downs, and was already in danger before the founding of New China. After the founding of New China, the county government established a professional Gaoqiang troupe to carry out the inheritance and research of Yuexi Gaoqiang. After the 1960s, precious historical materials were severely damaged, the professional troupe system changed, and the activities of folk classes and societies shrank. Yuexi Gaoqiang lacked successors and was once again facing the danger of extinction.