Historically, the Lisu people have lived in Yunnan, Sichuan and other southwestern regions. They are mountain farming peoples and have long lived among the Yi, Naxi, Bai, Hani, Han and other ethnic groups in the southwestern region. Their customs, language and culture are the same or similar to those of the Yi branch of the Tibeto-Burman language family. The Lisu people are divided into white Lisu, black Lisu and flower Lisu because of the different colors of the linen clothes they wear. The Lisu people distributed in Dechang County are flower Lisu. As early as the Yuan Dynasty, Weilong and Puji states (now part of Miyi County) under the jurisdiction of Dechang Road were inhabited by Lisu people. Dechang County now has two Lisu townships (Jinsha Township and Nanshan Township), with a Lisu population of more than 6,000, accounting for about one-third of the total Lisu population in Sichuan Province. The history of Lisu costumes can also be traced back to before the Yuan Dynasty, and the cultural connotation is very rich. [Distribution area] Dechanghua Lisu costumes are mainly distributed in Jinsha Township and Nanshan Township in Dechang County, Sichuan Province. There are also sporadic distributions in small Lisu settlements such as Tuanjie Village in Badong Township, Xinyu Village in Kuanyu Township, and Shaba Village in Leyue Township in Han District. The Lisu settlement area is famous for its unique natural and cultural landscapes. The Lisu people living here are less affected by foreign cultures and are known as the Lisu branch that maintains the most primitive style. [Basic content] The "Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture Local Chronicles" records the content about Lisu costumes: the costumes are unique, colorful and simple, and the material is nettle handmade fabrics. Lisu costumes are all carefully sewn by Lisu women. The Lisu people have long used fire grass, hemp, cotton, bamboo, sheepskin, wool, silver, etc. to make costumes. Hemp and fireweed are twisted into threads and mixed into cloth to make women's dresses, men's clothes and trousers, and shoulder bags; cotton and wool are woven into black and blue headscarves and belts; sheepskin is used to make sheepskin coats; silver is used to make bracelets; and bamboo strips are used to weave women's head wraps. Men's clothing: Wrap a green cloth "gourd" scarf on the head, wear a short shirt with a side opening, the length of the shirt is to the navel, the pants are longer than the knees, a linen belt is tied around the waist, and a collarless and sleeveless goat skin coat is covered (in winter, a top woven with wool twisted yarn is added), and the feet are wrapped with green cloth (belt) to wrap the legs. Women's clothing: Wear a right-front flower collar, flower cuffs, and flower-lined tops, and a linen skirt with ankle-length skirts and many pleats; the tops and long skirts are embroidered with water ripple lace, and the long skirts sway when walking, with colorful patterns, mainly continuous patterns, and a red flower belt woven from linen or wool around the waist. Adult women wrap their heads with green cloth scarves, which are about a foot wide and have a "human" pattern. They wear narrow-sleeved tops with flower collars, side-lapels and embroidered patterns, which are longer than the knees; their skirts are wrinkled and reach the ankles, and the hem of the skirts is embroidered with several lines of water ripples; they wear a red belt woven with wool, which is 56 inches wide. Children, regardless of gender, only wear tops when they are young, and wear pants (skirts) when they are a little older. Men, women, old and young are all barefoot and sleep by the fire at night. When Lisu people go out, they carry a white-bottomed embroidered cloth bag, which is square, about a foot long and wide, and very beautiful. The clothing craftsmanship of the Lisu people in Dechang is unique and exquisite, especially the exquisite embroidery craftsmanship, which reflects the values and aesthetic awareness of the Lisu people. It can be used to study the history, society, living environment, natural climate, production methods, life atmosphere, customs, religious beliefs and other cultural phenomena of the nation, and has high research value. "Zhang fang" is a favorite ornament of Lisu women and is also a precious ornament of the Lisu people. In the past, capable hunters killed male deer, took their fangs, and gave them to their wives or lovers. Skillful women wrapped the deer fangs with silver edges, strung colorful beads with colorful silk threads and hung them on their chests as ornaments. The more deer fangs they wore, the more glorious they were, and they passed them down to their children as treasures. The clothes worn by all members of the family were woven and sewn by women. Men, women, old and young were all barefoot and slept beside the fire pit at night. Dechang Lisu clothing mostly uses self-woven cloth (commonly known as "fire grass cloth"), which is made by twisting the hemp they grow themselves and the fire grass collected from the hillside into threads, and then weaving them into cloth using a loom. Men's clothing is mostly natural color (white) with a little embroidery; women's clothing is carefully matched with colored threads and embroidered with flowers, mainly embroidered on collars, sleeves, skirt hems, back skirts, head coverings and shoulder bags. The embroidered patterns include: three-stitch stitches, sheep's hoof forks, wave flowers, octagonal flowers, small insects in a row, woods, butterfly flowers, small animals, etc. The patterns are simple and generous with bright colors. After the belt is woven, it is boiled and dyed blood red with wild big blood vines and hooked thorn fruits, and lined with black lines, which is unique. Lisu people, regardless of gender, age or young, all carry a square bag with a white base, about a foot long and wide, with colorful patterns embroidered on the outside, which is very beautiful. Lisu weaving is done by women at home, and there are no specialized professional craftsmen. Learning weaving is a process that is passed down from generation to generation and lasts for a long time. In the village, you can often see several women spinning, rewinding, warping, etc., and there are a group of girls around them watching or doing some simple imitation movements. Mastering textile skills is of vital importance to Lisu girls. Middle-aged and elderly women in the village are their teachers. Families with superb textile skills often come to learn from them. In the fields, women will discuss various issues together after work. Of course, the topic of clothing skills is the first priority. Lisu women can generally master textile skills, and in one or several connected villages, there are always one or two textile masters who are ingenious and hardworking. These masters are proficient in spinning and weaving, threading the reed, threading the weft and pressing the weft. Among them, Gu Shaoying, the representative inheritor of Lisu costumes, is such a person. [Basic characteristics] Lisu costumes are a concentrated embodiment of beliefs, art, aesthetic consciousness, etc., and there are differences due to different regions. They are divided into white Lisu, flower Lisu, and black Lisu according to the color of the clothes they wear. It also reflects the cultural connotation of Lisu clothing customs based on gender, age, identity, function, belief, place, region, etc., and reflects the following prominent characteristics: First, local materials are used. The Lisu people traditionally use fire grass, hemp, wool and other materials to make clothing. Linen is spun from a mixture of fire grass thread and hemp thread. The woven fabrics are all made of fire grass and hemp as texture elements. The selected clothing is simple and plain in color. Second, the embroidery patterns are exquisite, including three-stitch, sheep's hoof fork, wave pattern, octagonal flower, small insect string, woods, butterfly flower, etc. The patterns are simple and generous, and its craftsmanship and techniques are mostly embroidery, which is very exquisite. Third, the belief. The Lisu people have strict color taboos and fabric taboos in wedding and funeral clothing. For example, Lisu brides are forbidden to wear white clothing, and white linen is used as a cover when they die in old age. 【Basic Value】1. Historical Value Lisu costumes are excellent historical materials for understanding national history, and are history worn on the body. As Guo Moruo said, costumes "can examine the trajectory of national cultural development and the mutual influence between the fraternal ethnic groups, the production methods, class relations, customs, cultural relics systems of the past dynasties, etc., which can be seen at a glance, and are excellent historical materials." 2. Research Value Lisu costumes are unique and exquisite, especially the exquisite embroidery craftsmanship, which reflects the values and aesthetic consciousness of the Lisu people. From them, we can find cultural phenomena such as the history, society, living environment, natural climate, production methods, life atmosphere, customs, religious beliefs, etc. of the nation, which has high research value. 3. Craftsmanship Value Lisu costumes are simple and generous. Men's costumes reveal a heroic and bold temperament, rough and broad beauty; while women's costumes are finely handmade and graceful, which is an elegant and beautiful beauty. The beauty of different styles of Lisu costumes is the materialization of the Lisu aesthetic concepts, the expression of people's aesthetic tastes, and reflects the local customs and folkways.