The Yao people are a typical mountain ethnic group in southern my country. They live in the mountainous areas of Guangxi, Hunan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Hainan and other provinces. The ancestors of the Yao people are generally believed to be part of the Changsha and Wuling barbarians during the Qin and Han dynasties, or to have originated from the "Wuxi barbarians". The Yao people call themselves 63 names, such as Mian, Men, Min, etc., and there are 390 other names, such as Pan Yao, Landian Yao, and Hongtou Yao. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, they were collectively called the Yao people. White Pants Yao and Red Yao There are many branches of the Yao people, which are widely distributed, and the costumes of each branch are also different. Therefore, in the past, the Yao people were called various ethnic groups because of the different colors of their costumes, the styles of their pants, and the different headdresses. Yao men in Nandan, Guangxi wear cross-collared tops and white wide-crotch tight knee-length shorts, so they are called "White Pants Yao"; the Yao people in Longsheng are called "Red Yao" because they wear red embroidered clothes, which reflects the rich colors and styles of Yao costumes from one aspect. Colorful headdresses Yao headdresses are quite distinctive. They have created colorful headdresses: "dragon coil" shape, "A" shape, "crescent" shape, "flying swallow" shape, etc. Some wear bamboo arrows, some have vertical top plates, some wear pointed hats, and some wear bamboo shells. Yao women in He County, Guangxi wear tower-shaped hats with more than ten layers, which is quite spectacular. Yao women in Hunan use beeswax to paint their hair, and put a bun on the top of their heads. Regardless of the cold or heat, they wrap their hair with flower scarves in a trapezoidal shape, and cover it with a moth-shaped cloak to avoid wind and sun. They are elegant and generous, like a "bachelor's hat" or an embroidered crown for imperial concubines. After marriage, they take off the moth crown to indicate that they have started a family and a new life. Exquisite indigo dyeing Yao women are skilled in indigo dyeing and printing, and still retain a complete set of dyeing and printing techniques. They soak and process the blue grass they grow, extract indigo, add white wine, filter it through plant ash, and ferment it to yellow before dyeing cloth. During the dyeing process, the cloth is soaked and dried several times until it is dark blue with dark red. In order to make the cloth strong, durable and dark in color, the dyed cloth is also put into a stewed cowhide solution or pig blood solution for steaming and drying. The beauty of Yao clothing is still concentrated in the composition of the embroidery. The embroidery pattern and the characteristics of the clothing are to some extent a reflection of religion. The Yao people in Xilin County, Guangxi have preserved a "Shigong" (religious) clothing that has been around for hundreds of years. It is embroidered with many gods, mountain gods, thunder gods, sun gods, etc., expressing the psychological characteristics of the Yao people's multiple worships. In ancient times, the Yao people would use abstract cultural consciousness. The five vertical red lines on the white pants of the Nandan Yao men are said to be the blood marks on the ten fingers of the Yao ancestors who fought with injuries to defend the dignity of the nation. Women wear sleeveless, buttonless, head-through jackets, with the sides not sewn, only the bottom edges of the front and back lapels connected, batik skirts, and flower backs. It is said that the square pattern on it is the appearance of the seal of the Yao King that was taken away by the local officials. It is embroidered on the clothes as a commemoration and is also the symbol of their clan totem.