Longgupo Workers' Song

Chongqing
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"The bearer's song" originated from Longgupo. Miao Town is located on the border of Chongqing and Hubei, surrounded by steep mountains. The famous Longgupo ancient human site of "Wushan Man" 2.04 million years ago is located in its territory, which can be said to have a long history. "Longgupo bearer's song" is a folk music form that was born in the hard work of Wushan people from generation to generation, and it has a history of thousands of years. In order to survive, the ancestors of Longgupo had to build houses, build bridges and pave roads. Especially when carrying large stones and other materials, many young and middle-aged men had to be mobilized to carry the collective strength, which formed a group of bearers. In the heavy physical labor, the bearers strengthened labor discipline, expressed their inner feelings, relieved fatigue, and made the collective steps unified and coordinated easily, and gradually formed a unique "bearer's song". "Longgupo bearer's song" is divided into fast leg song and slow leg song according to the speed of music. When the road is flat, the porters use fast-legged songs, which are rich in lyrics, humorous, and cheerful and high-pitched, such as "Zhezhu Haozi" and "Tao Cai Cha". When encountering rugged sections, the porters use slow-legged songs, which are flexible in lyrics and have no fixed lyrics. They often use singing to convey the road conditions under their feet, using a question-and-answer method, with a unified front and back, a steady melody, and undulating melody. Such as "Yo He Haozi". The Longgupo porter's song has the characteristics of regular rhythm, symmetry, steady speed and simplicity. Due to the development of social productivity, advanced production tools have changed the original production methods. At the same time, due to the change of people's cultural awareness, many ancient folk customs have gradually disappeared. The "Longgupo porter's song" is a kind of oral literature that is sung, so there are very few written materials left. In addition, the older generation of porters have passed away one after another or are too old and weak to carry and sing again, and most of the younger generation are unwilling to learn the "porter's song" that they think is outdated and backward culture. Over the years, Wushan has attached great importance to the excavation and collection of the folk art of Longgupo Lifting Songs in various historical periods. Among them, the "Wushan County Folk Songs Collection" compiled and printed in 1983 included 16 "Lifting Songs" of various styles. In December 2004, in the county-wide rural art performance organized by the Wushan County Cultural Department, the original "Longgupo Lifting Songs" received high praise from all walks of life. In 2005, when the Wushan County Cultural Center conducted a census of the county's intangible cultural heritage, it took "Longgupo Lifting Songs" as a key census object, conducted timely interviews with the surviving inheritors, and rescued and sorted out relevant materials in a timely manner.

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