Construction techniques of Tujia stilt houses in Shizhu

Chongqing
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The construction technique of Chongqing stilt houses is a traditional construction technique that is popular in the main city of Chongqing and some districts and counties. It has a long history, dating back to before the Eastern Han Dynasty, and most of them were built from the Southern Song Dynasty to the 1930s and 1940s. The stilt houses were built according to local conditions, with the main feature of the house supporting pillars hanging in the air without touching the ground. The stilt houses stand on flat ground, and the stilt half of the building is built on a hillside with a large inclination. The back half is on the ground against the rock, and the front half is supported by wooden pillars. The building is built with locally abundant wood. The slope is opened into two levels of foundations, with longer pillars on the lower level and shorter pillars on the upper level, so that the floor of the front half is parallel to the ground of the back half, forming a half-building. Wooden pillars, wooden walls, and wooden floors, the building is built on a stone embankment several meters high, and the frame is 67 meters high. The outermost pillar of each row of pillars is cut from top to bottom at the upper foundation to form a stilt pillar, hence the name "stilt house". In Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County, stilt houses are widely distributed, especially in Qiyao Mountain Area, Fangdou Mountain Area and Hegu Old Street. They are also called "stilt houses", "thousand-pillar ground-type houses" or "corner houses" by local people. It is a wonder of national architectural craftsmanship and an excellent cultural heritage of the Tujia nationality. The construction technology of Tujia stilt houses is scientific, the conception is ingenious and the layout is reasonable. During the construction, local stone and wood materials were fully utilized, with eaves and corners, and the hooks are pierced to make them strong and earthquake-proof. Tujia carpenters used their wisdom and tools such as axes, saws, ink fountains and chisels to carefully build them, combining scattered wooden pillars, wooden squares and wooden boards into a solid building. The stilt houses have halls, wing rooms or ground main houses, kitchens and fire pits. The upstairs is the residence, and the stilts are under the stilts and the pens and firewood rooms. With the development of society and the change of people's living concepts, as well as the reconstruction of old cities in Chongqing, the continuation and physical protection of the architectural skills and culture of Chongqing stilt houses are facing extremely severe challenges. (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.) (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.)

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