Clay sculpture (Miao clay whistle)

Guizhou
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Miao clay whistle is a clay toy for children created and developed by Wu Guoqing (Miao name "Gui Mie"), an old Miao artist from Zhaiyong Village, Jiuzhou Town, Huangping County, Guizhou Province, based on traditional pottery and clay figurines. There is an air return hole at the bottom of the whistle, which can make a crisp sound and is deeply loved by children. Miao clay whistle was formed in the 1930s and further developed in the 1980s. Wu Guoqing taught more than 100 apprentices. Individual workshops for making clay whistles are distributed in Feiyun Cliff, Jiuzhou Town, Chong'an Town and other villages in Huangping County. The craft has been passed down for more than 80 years. The production of clay whistles is mainly to manually shape the clay, then bake it at low temperature, and then apply color painting and cover it with varnish to make the finished product. Huangping Miao clay whistle is good at shaping animals. There are all kinds of animals in nature, whether flying in the sky, walking on the ground, swimming in the water or climbing on trees. There are more than 400 kinds of animal shapes in total. There are also combined works such as "The Twelve Zodiac Signs" and "Bullfighting", which use the interesting expressions of various animals to reflect life and express emotions, reflecting a high level of art. Clay whistle artists use mountains, rivers, folk customs as their ideas, absorb the characteristics of Miao embroidery and women's accessories, and first use firewood to smoke the clay whistle into a black base color, and then on this basis, they use red, yellow, blue, white, green, purple and other colors to make the whistle body bright and eye-catching without losing its sense of heaviness, appearing simple and generous, natural and bright, with the color effect of embroidery, with a strong breath of life and distinct national characteristics. Huangping Miao clay whistle artists are not bound by the objective appearance of the object when shaping, but are good at capturing and refining its expression and inner emotions. They boldly use exaggeration, deformation, and freehand techniques to focus on the special parts of the object to highlight its characteristics, so that each clay whistle work has both form and spirit, and is seamless, creating an excellent artistic effect of "the beauty lies in the similarity and dissimilarity". Under the impact of market economy and foreign culture, the production of clay whistles of the Miao ethnic group in Huangping has been greatly affected. At present, there are only more than 100 people in Huangping County who can make clay whistles, and some artists have changed their careers. The inheritance and development of this art is facing many difficulties. If it is not protected in time, this rare and excellent folk art will be in danger of being lost and dying out.

Intangible culture related to the heritage

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