The Lusheng music and dance of the Miao people in Kaili are mainly distributed in Yatang Town and Chengguan District of Kaili City, Nangao Township and Xingren Town of Danzhai County, Xiasi Town and Xuanwei Township of Majiang County, Baiwu and Wengyi villages in Kaili Economic Development Zone. Kaili City is the capital of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, located in the upper reaches of Qingshui River and the northeast foot of Miaoling Mountain. Mountains and hills account for 97.2% of the total area. The climate is mild, with four distinct seasons, belonging to the mid-subtropical mild and humid climate zone. The rivers belong to the source river system of the Yangtze River Basin, and there are well-known medium-sized rivers such as Qingshui River, Chong'an River and Bala River. Zhouxi Town is located in the southern part of Kaili City. It is 17 kilometers away from Kaili City. On the east side of Yaxing Highway, Lihe River and Qingshui River converge next to the village. In the past, boats could be sailed, so it was named Zhouxi, called Xiangmao, which means Maochangtian. The Miao people in Zhouxi call themselves "Ga Nao". It is the central settlement area of the Miao people who wear the "Zhouxi type" mid-skirt clothing sub-branch, the center of the Miao Zhouxi cultural circle, and relatively intactly preserves the cultural system of this branch. Zhouxi has a "Gan Nang Xiang Lusheng Hall Monument". Gan Nang Xiang Lusheng Hall is one of the largest Lusheng Halls in Southeast Guizhou, with about 50,000 participants every year. Lusheng is an ancient wind instrument of the Miao people and a symbol and sign of Miao culture. The Miao Lusheng has a long history. "Shi Ben" says: "Nu Wa made the reed", and "Li Ji Ming Tang Wei" says: "Fu Xi made the harp and Nu Wa made the reed". And "Shan Hai Jing" calls Fu Xi and Nu Wa the southern Miao people "There are people in the south called Miao people, there is a god, with a human head and a snake body". This is consistent with the word-of-mouth information of the Miao people. Fu Xi and Nu Wa are the "gourd brothers and sisters" in the Miao legend and are the ancestors of the Miao people. The fact that the Miao ethnic group has Lusheng in the three major dialect areas of the east, middle and west proves that the Miao ethnic group had Lusheng before the three major dialect areas were formed 4,000 years ago. Due to wars and constant migrations, development in different places, and the barriers of mountains and rivers, the various branches of the Miao ethnic group have developed Lusheng in a rich and colorful way with their own characteristics. It is unknown when the Miao ethnic group first settled in Zhouxi. According to the "Kaili City Chronicles", after the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the various branches of the Miao ethnic group moved into the territory one after another, and migrated in multiple directions. During the Taiding period of the Yuan Dynasty, a family surnamed Wang moved from Bazhai to Zhouxi. The Miao ethnic group in Zhouxi has always inherited the Lusheng culture, carried it forward, and formed its own unique personality. There is a Gannangxiang Lusheng Hall in the sand dam of the river at the foot of the village of Zhouxi, which is more than 500 meters long. The Lusheng Festival is held in Zhou from the 16th to the 20th day of the first lunar month every year. It is said that in the last years of the Ming Dynasty, the Lusheng Association in Zhouxi was falsely accused by the government of gathering people for rebellion. The drums and shengs were confiscated, and gatherings were prohibited. Young men and women had no social opportunities and places, and it was difficult to get married. Wu Niling of Huchangpo (Chalin Village) was very anxious and moved around. He was supported by many villagers. He sent people to Matian Village 40 miles away to get Lusheng, and killed 99 fat pigs and cooked 99 baskets of glutinous rice to entertain the attendees. Gannangxiang Lusheng Hall was born from then on. During the Xianfeng period, the Miao people responded to Zhang Xiumei's uprising to resist the exploitation of the Qing court. Zhouxi was an important base of the uprising army. Eighteen years later, the uprising was suppressed and Lusheng was banned for a period of time. In 1942, the 15th generation grandson of Wu Niling erected a stele for his ancestor beside the Lusheng Hall. The stele reads: "I believe that playing the sheng and dancing under the moon has been a legitimate entertainment for the Miao people for thousands of years. Every year in the first month of the new year, various places gradually hold it to entertain and celebrate the new year. It is also a good time for the Miao people to get married freely, which is of great significance. Our village ancestor Wu Nilinggong established a sheng hall here, named Gannangxiangshengtang. It reaches Yu Zhang Erwa's field in the east, Yu's field and Wang's pond in the south, Tunshang Village in the west, and the bridge in the north. From the 16th to the 20th of the first month of each year, all villages can participate freely without any restrictions. All order in the sheng hall is maintained by our village, and playing the sheng is prohibited. This stele is here to illuminate future generations forever." Since Wu Nilinggong built the hall, it has a history of more than 300 years. There are many types of Lusheng in the Miao nationality, and the music and dance of Lusheng and the types of Lusheng are both exclusive and universal. The four main reed pipe dances that are applicable and popular in the Zhouxi cultural circle are "Galue Dance", "Gadong Dance", "Gaxiong Dance" and "Galer Dance". The "Galer Dance" is the main theme of this cultural circle. "Galue Dance" is the drum and sheng used for ancestor worship. The Garle Dance in the Zhouxi area cannot be played and danced in the Gannang Xiangtang, and it has become a folk convention. However, in the reed pipe fields of nearby villages outside the Gannang Xiang Lusheng Hall, the Garle Dance is still very popular, and no one can stop it. Gadong Dance. In Miao language, it is called Zhu Gadong, which means reed pipe dance. Its reed pipe is a set of four. This kind of pipe dance is generally performed during the New Year Festival or the Miao New Year Festival. Gaxiong Dance. In Miao language, it is called "Zhu Gaxiong". It is a dance form that follows various formations, tunes and dance steps arranged by the big sheng. Galer Dance: In Miao language, it is called "Zhu Gale" or "Zhu Gabang", which means a pair of reed pipes or two reed pipes. Outsiders call it "Caigetang Dance". It is the main theme of the Lusheng Festival in Zhouxi area. It is specially designed for young Miao men and women to "travel" and find lovers. Usually, two young men hold the same single-tone Lusheng or two large and small breath Lushengs to play and lead the dance, and then a group of young girls, middle-aged women, or elderly ladies, hold hands, form a circle, and move in a unified dance to the tune of the Lusheng. In the Gannangxiang Lusheng Hall, the girls from each village first form a small circle, and then the small circles are connected to form a whole Lusheng Hall. First, two young men from the village play the Lusheng tune in front and lead the girls in the village to dance. After a certain period of time, the dance field gradually stabilizes, and then young men from other villages are allowed to enter and take turns to play the Lusheng tune to lead the dance. The dance steps are slightly fast and full of jumping. The whole body is driven by the shaking of the knees and the swing of the waist and hips. The shoulders and hands shake at the same time, and the head always remains straight. The most abundant and famous dance music is the "Flower Belt Begging Dance", which is a kind of music dance in which a young man plays the Lusheng to beg a young woman for a flower belt. This dance has neither a fixed form nor a fixed dance step. Wherever the girl goes, the young man plays the Lusheng and follows her. It is like "not giving up until she gives a gift". Stepping on the Song Hall Dance: Stepping on the Song Hall Dance, called Zhuga Le in Miao language. It is a slow dance performed on the Lusheng field. During the New Year or the Mao Bullfighting, a pair of young men and women play the Lusheng and lead the dance. The girls line up in a long circle, each with their hands bent against their chests, swaying left and right to the tune of the Lusheng and the dance steps, making the bracelets on their hands collide with each other, making a rhythmic sound, dancing in various forms, stepping out various patterns, and forming an overall large circle dance. The main instruments of Zhouxi Lusheng Music and Dance are Lusheng and Mangtong. Lusheng has six pipes and six tones, while Mangtong has six pipes and five tones, and one pipe and one tone. There are treble reed pipes, tenor reed pipes, alto reed pipes, tenor reed pipes, bass reed pipes, and double bass reed pipes. The most common reed pipes in Gaxiong range from five to eighteen reed pipes. One of the reed pipes is about 15 to 20 feet long. The representative reed pipe dances of Gale Dance include: "Stepping on the Hall Dance", "Walking on the Lace Dance", "Walking Around the Figure 8 Dance", "Stepping on Shrimp Dance", "Golden Pheasant Dance", etc. As the representative of the inheritance genealogy of Kaili Miao reed pipe music and dance, Zhouxi Town Xinguang is mostly inherited by the family: Ao Sheng Ao Li Sheng Lu Li Fang Lu Gang Fang Lu Gang Ji Lu Dang Ji Xiong Dang Bu Xiong Wang Bu Shang Wang Xiong Shang Wang Xiong Lu Wang Jiao Lu Wang Jiao (Pan Shengchao) Tie Wang; Ao Sheng Ao Li Sheng Lu Li Fang Lu Gang Fang Lu Gang Ji Lu Dang Ji Xiong Dang Bu Xiong Sha Bu Jiang Sha Jiao Jiang Ni Jiao Jin Ni Cheng Jin Cheng Sheng (Pan Tianyuan). Miao reed pipes have a long history and have developed for nearly a thousand years, forming their own unique basic characteristics. From the legends about Lusheng in the area and the inscriptions of "Gannangxiang Lusheng Hall", we can see that Lusheng and social development complement each other, and it has also evolved continuously due to the needs of national production and living customs. It has a dependent characteristic on national folk customs; in the specific historical environment of Zhouxi area, it has gradually developed into a Lusheng culture with Gannangxiang Lusheng Hall as the cultural core, with Lusheng dance music dedicated to young men and women expressing their love, providing a platform for free love, and promoting the theme of free love. The Lusheng music and dance of the Miao people in Zhouxi and the Gannangxiang Lusheng Festival in Zhouxi are one of the grandest Lusheng festivals in my country, which have a great and far-reaching influence both at home and abroad. It is not only an art form that integrates singing, dancing and music, but also a cultural complex with multiple functions. It narrates history and transmits texts through music. This is a very ancient form of music and dance in Chinese folk music. It is a creation of the Miao people in a society without writing to narrate and inherit national culture. The cultural information contained in the Zhouxi Miao Lusheng music and dance will enrich and improve the study of the entire Miao history and culture. It is a precious heritage for studying the history of the Miao people and has high academic value. Since the 1980s, due to the great changes in society and the invasion of a large number of foreign cultures, the Miao children have been enrolled in school since childhood and have gone out to work after leaving school. There are fewer successors to learn to play the Lusheng, and the old artists have passed away continuously, resulting in a lack of successors.