Xinhua is the center of Gumei Mountain. Before the Song Dynasty, it was a settlement of Miao and Yao people. According to experts, Xinhua folk songs originated in the pre-Qin period, flourished in the Tang and Song dynasties, and spread through the Ming and Qing dynasties and have been passed down to this day. It has a history of more than 2,000 years. Xinhua folk songs have a wide range of content, including labor songs, current affairs songs, ritual songs, Tao love songs, life songs, children's songs, etc.; they are divided into high-pitched folk songs and flat-pitched folk songs according to the tune. The music has distinct characteristics. The high-pitched and flat-pitched folk songs have high starting notes and strong jumps. They have a rough, passionate, and steep lyrical style and bold, neat, and naughty wild beauty characteristics; the expression forms are rich and diverse, the sentence length is well-organized, there are many colloquial dialect words, and the rap flavor is very strong. More than 6,200 folk songs have been collected, 54 music examples have been compiled, and they have been compiled into local teaching materials. In 2006, Xinhua folk songs were included in the first list of intangible cultural heritage of Hunan Province. Xinhua folk songs survive among the people in the form of oral creation and oral singing. Representative inheritors include Wu Xianzong, Zhou Wenhua, Dai Yuesong, Wu Xizhen, Zhang Yican, Fang Ronghui, Chen Fuyun, etc. Its main characteristics are: 1. Simple and primitive. 2. Rich and diverse. Xinhua folk songs can be roughly divided into the following six categories: (1) Labor songs. Including field songs, hunting songs, woodcutters' songs, fishing songs, tea picking songs, logging songs, beach songs, tamping songs, and calls. Field songs have the largest number of folk songs, and a series of labor processes have folk songs. (2) Life songs. (3) Ritual songs. (4) Current affairs songs. (5) Love songs. (6) Historical legend songs. In terms of performance forms and singing characteristics, in addition to flat singing (including high singing), there are also flowery singing, dan singing, Polo singing, rolling board singing, and gong and drum folk songs. No matter what kind of folk song, the starting pitch is higher than that of the Hakka folk songs in southern Hunan, the pan songs in western Hunan, and the Jingchu folk songs in the Dongting Lake area. Often one person starts and the others join in, and the singing makes the mountains turn and the waters move. In terms of sentence structure, there are four-sentence, six-sentence, eight-sentence and long paragraphs, as well as seven-character, five-character and long and short alternating styles, which are even more interesting to sing. 3. Literary and artistic characteristics. Although Xinhua folk songs are oral creations of folk singers without too much processing and embellishment, the authors have skillfully used artistic expression techniques such as fu, bi, xing and exaggeration in poetry. For example: "A small vegetable garden is separated by a wall, with loofahs and bitter melons planted on both sides. The man plants bitter melons to think of his sister, and the sister plants loofahs to think of him" (comparing objects to people); another example: "Chestnuts bloom in a line, I miss you last year and this year, I missed you a little last year, but this year I missed you so much that I forgot to plant the fields, and I wasted half a year of spring" (using objects to inspire); another example: "Last year I drank a cup of tea with my brother, and it was fragrant until August 8 this year. If you don't believe me, please go to the room and see, there is a jasmine flower by the bed. I sent my man to a rocky mountain nest, and I held water for him to drink. After my man drank the water from the hand, he didn't feel thirsty for three years" (exaggeration). The use of these techniques has enabled Xinhua folk songs to reach a high level of literary and artistic level.