Traditional Culture of the Zhetai Zhuang Nationality
Zhetai Village is located in the Zhetai Township Government in the northwest of Guangnan County, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. It is located at the junction of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou. There are scenic spots such as Geduo Fairy Cave and Qingshui River Canyon in the area, and there is a broad prospect for the development of tourism. The village consists of 5 Zhuang natural villages, with a total of 561 households and 2,271 people. The per capita cultivated land area is 1.5 mu, and the per capita net income is 627 yuan (2003). The 5 villages are facing southeast and facing the mountains. The forest vegetation coverage rate is more than 90%, which fully reflects the Zhuang people's concept of building villages by relying on mountains and rivers and "preferring to dig mountains rather than occupy good fields". Among the residential buildings, wooden Zhuang-style stilt buildings account for more than 90%. There are old people's pavilions "pavilions", which are mostly built in the village. They are pavilions for the elderly to preach, teach, and solve doubts. In fact, they are pavilions exclusively for men and women are prohibited from entering. Later, it evolved into Juchengwang Temple (also known as Tuzhu Temple), Shennong Temple or Nongzhigao Temple. One village and one pavilion were passed down from generation to generation, so some were also called village god pavilions. Building a house requires several rituals such as site selection, day selection, mountain felling, pillar erection, beam raising, and house entry. The offerings used in each process include wine, chicken, glutinous rice cakes, etc. The textile, dyeing, and embroidery techniques maintain the traditional style. Zhuang brocade uses five colors of yarn, such as red, black, yellow, and blue, to weave a checkered pattern of cloth. It is often used as quilt lining, female headscarves, bundles, and aprons. It has exquisite craftsmanship and rich colors. It is one of the four famous brocades in China. Zhuang brocade patterns are mostly animal patterns such as flowers, birds, insects, fish, frogs, deer, cranes, rabbits, etc. There are also clouds and water patterns, and the patterns are lifelike. In addition, there are brocade weaving, piercing (poking) brocade, embroidered brocade, buttoning brocade, cutting (making) brocade and other techniques. The Zhuang ethnic group's clothing and accessories remain the same. Men wrap their heads with self-woven and self-dyed cotton scarves, wear double-breasted cloth buttoned clothes, wide-legged pants, and cloth shoes. Women's traditional skirts are the same for the elderly, adults, and teenagers. The headscarves are made of homemade floral checkered brocade and tied on the forehead into two slanted corners to protect the sun. Most of the clothes are waist-hugging, raised hem, right-fronted slanted-collared tops. They wear silver collars and chest ornaments such as silver and jade plaques. Pleated skirts are made of homespun cloth, and the waist is tightened from back to front with a wide belt with pockets at both ends so that it is exposed at the bottom of the clothes. Pants and skirts are worn at the same time, with short clothes and long skirts. The skirts are particular about the matching of scarves, clothes, skirts, and shoes. Women tie their long hair on top of their heads into a cone bun and insert silver hairpins. When working, they wear embroidered plaque-shaped headscarves, and usually wear brocade corner scarves at home or on festive occasions such as festivals and markets. The Zhuang ethnic group has certain etiquette in food, clothing, housing, and transportation. They believe in natural spirits. There are mountain gods and tree gods in Longshan, and village gods in the village. They worship their ancestors and every family has a shrine. Every March, they worship Longshan and go to the "pavilion" to worship Nong Zhigao. The music and dance of the Zhuang people in Zhetai Village are combined with national sports. The most distinctive one is "Long Ya Wai". Long means playing, jumping and dancing. Ya means goddess and Wai means buffalo. "Long Ya Wai" is the dance of the buffalo (mother) god. Props include wearing a robe to dress up as the buffalo god, Nuo masks, and ancient weapons such as long sticks, spears, broadswords, steel forks, scythes, sickles, and three-section sticks. Cowhide drums, cymbals and buffalo horns are used for accompaniment. The dances mainly include ground dances and high-platform dances. The routines are rich and distinctive. They have both dance art style and acrobatic skills. They are thrilling and exciting, and are deeply loved by the Zhuang people. "Long Ya Wai" is passed down from generation to generation in the form of teaching. There are teachers and teaching groups. (No pictures available, please provide them.) (No pictures available, please provide them.)