Cixian Huaidiao

Hebei
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Ci County is located in the southernmost part of Hebei Province and is the southern gate of Hebei Province. Ci County Huaidiao is an ancient Banqiang opera. It inherits the artistic achievements of "Tayao Niang" in the Sui and Tang Dynasties and the artistic norms of the Ming Dynasty string tune. It was formed from the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty. At first, it was called "banchang" because most of the singers stood on a bench. There were no gestures or dances during the Banchang period. The singers just shouted and sang in a certain tune. The repertoire of Ci County Huaidiao is mainly costume dramas, which are called "red and black face dramas" by locals. Traditional repertoires include "Jiyangguan", "Zhaikuying", "Cheap Tiger Head Card", etc. The repertoire mostly reflects the struggle between loyalty and treachery, and the generals defending the border, which is very political. Huaidiao is a drama with plucked instruments as the main instrument. Its mode is 1D. The main melody hovers between the third and the minor third, and the range seems narrow. The singing is flat, especially the use of the high pitch area, which has not been broken through yet. There are more than a dozen singing styles of Cixian Huaidiao, such as [slow tune], [flowing water], [two eight], [tight two eight], [scattered tune], [guada mouth], etc. The accompaniment instruments used to be only big string, two string, suona and horse trumpet. Since the 1980s, it has been mainly banhu, and there are also erhu, low hu, pipa, sheng, flute and other instruments. Horse trumpet is an ancient and unique accompaniment instrument of Huaidiao. It is made of copper, and the trumpet pole is more than four feet long. Generally, four or six pieces are used, and at least two pieces are used to set off the atmosphere. Cixian Huaidiao has complete roles of Sheng, Dan, Jing, Mo and Chou, and the characters are portrayed in detail. Each role has a specific division of labor, such as Jing is divided into red face, big red face and two red faces; black face is divided into big black face and two black faces; painted face is divided into big painted face, two painted faces and three painted faces. At the same time, the Huaidiao drama artists in Ci County have also created a very rich art of facial makeup, with vivid characters, simple shapes, smooth lines, bright colors, and strong folk art charm. The performance of Huaidiao in Ci County is bold and unrestrained. The appearance of generals is often accompanied by the strong accompaniment of dung drums, four big fans, and horse trumpets, giving people a sense of galloping horses and iron army charging. Its sound can be heard ten miles away at night. Huaidiao has a short transition and the bangzi looks compact, which is also a place that the masses like, but the people who wear the handles are very hard. They often sweat and pant after a play. There are many people on stage, and the overall artistry is very strong. This is a link that needs to be grasped. Otherwise, the stage lineup is very easy to be scattered, and the dramatic atmosphere is also easy to be reduced, which seriously affects the performance effect. The number of Huaidiao teams in Ci County is getting smaller and smaller, from five or six groups in the past to only three, and some troupes have changed the Huaidiao singing style to Henan Opera. As time goes by, many old artists have passed away one after another, and a large number of repertoires are facing loss of singing styles. The endangered state of Huaidiao is getting more and more serious.

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