Jingxi Lion Dance

Guangxi
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Jingxi lion dance has a long history. Every year during the Spring Festival, there is a custom of lion dance to greet the New Year, which is performed from the second to the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. Lions are native to Africa. my country has tigers but no lions. Before the Western Han Dynasty, people did not dance lions, but tigers. But after the Three Kingdoms and the Northern and Southern Dynasties, people replaced tiger dances with lion dances. It is impossible to verify when lion dance was introduced to Jingxi. Jingxi lion dance has always been accompanied by gongs and drums, and accompanied by martial arts performances. There are two kinds of lion dance props, one is the hairy lion introduced from Foshan, Guangdong, and the other is the local earth lion. The masses mostly use local earth lions. Lion dance is divided into two types: double lion and single lion. Tongde, Huadong, and Xinjing Town generally dance double lions, and other villages in the county generally dance single lions. The lion is the king of beasts and a symbol of majesty and majesty. For a long time, the Zhuang people in Jingxi have used lion dance to help celebrate, hoping to use the majestic and brave image of the lion to drive away demons and evil spirits and pray for longevity and good harvests. Especially during the Spring Festival, lion dances are more common in cities and towns, with gongs and drums everywhere, firecrackers roaring, and lions dancing, making it very lively. When dancing with two people, one person dances the lion's head, one person dances the lion's tail, and one person holds a ball to lead the lion, so that the lion moves forward with the rotation of the ball, sometimes looking up proudly, sometimes crawling with its head down, rolling, shaking, rolling up and down, vivid and interesting. When dancing with a single person, another person wears a big arhat mask, and two people wear monkey head masks. The arhat holds a branch and swaggers in front to lead the way, and two monkeys jump and chase behind. The lion dance team must also learn a set of solid boxing, stick fighting, and eighteen martial arts, and master four or five of them before they can "go to war". Every night in the twelfth lunar month, the young men gather at the head of the village, and the old master teaches martial arts. Only those who are good enough can go on stage. The Spring Festival is here. From the second to the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, the lion dance team will visit villages and villages, visiting each household to wish them a happy new year, and people will give them red envelopes. In advance, a "congratulatory letter" should be sent out, which reads: "The lion dance came to your house to celebrate the New Year. The village lion dance team wishes you a happy new year." After each round of lion dance, they will then perform boxing, stick fighting, doubles, and four-handed fighting. When it comes to the exciting part, they stretch their wrists and kick their legs, as fast as a whirlwind, with flashing swords, slashing forks and stabbing with halberds, and shouting "ha ha", which is very impressive. Finally, they end with the three-fork dance. Sometimes they have to jump on a high platform, so they select extraordinary warriors, first take turns to jump on the four corners of an eight-immortal table, and then jump across the table, jumping around one by one, dazzling the eyes. After jumping on a table, they added a second table, and so on until there are three or four tables. The warriors jump freely and are not allowed to make a fool of themselves. Such excellent martial arts performances can be said to be everywhere in the rural areas of Jingxi. But the most exciting one is the stacking of people. The family that is congratulated by the lion dance (usually a wealthy family) puts incense densely on a big pomelo, lights it, and it becomes a big fireball. The red envelope with a lot of rewards is placed in the fireball, and the fireball is hung on a bamboo pole and stretched from the eaves to the sky to the lion dance team. See if you have time to get it, otherwise you will be laughed at. Therefore, all the lion dance team members must work together. First, gather the wooden sticks of the whole team, and let the strong team members each carry one on their shoulders and stand crosswise as the first layer. The second layer stands on the wooden sticks, and the third layer steps on the shoulders of the second layer, and so on. The number of people decreases layer by layer, sometimes three layers and sometimes four layers are stacked to reach the fireball. The lion dancer must be agile and light as a swallow. He holds a wet towel in his mouth and climbs up layer by layer while dancing the lion. Two monkeys dressed as teenagers protect him on the left and right. After reaching the upper floors, the lion dances once, and then extinguishes the incense with a wet towel. Monkeys pat and clear the remaining sparks that fall on people's heads to ensure people's safety. They put out the fire while dancing, and sometimes pretend to lose their footing, fall down, and get their feet hooked, which is extremely thrilling and makes the audience amazed. After all the fireballs are extinguished, the red envelopes are taken down and they go down one floor at a time. The host fires cannons to congratulate and offers tea soaked in rice candy. Whenever the lion dance team arrives in a village, the relatives and friends of the village must cook meals and rice dumplings, and then entertain the relevant personnel. Sometimes the whole village kills pigs and holds a banquet to entertain all the lion dance team members, which is filled with a united, friendly and joyful atmosphere. (Liang Fuchang)

Intangible culture related to the heritage

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