Dongzhiyuan is known as "the first loess plateau in the world". It is the place with the thickest loess layer in the world, which provides the prerequisite for building cave dwellings. As early as the Xia and Shang dynasties, more than ten generations of Zhou ancestors dug cave dwellings here, built villages, taught people to farm, and pioneered my country's farming culture. The "Book of Songs" called it "Tao Fu Tao Xue". Cave dwellings are simple to build, save labor and materials, and do not require bricks and tiles. They are mostly dug on the edge of the plateau, the edge of the ditch and under the cliff, and do not occupy the surface land. It can be said to be the most economical, land-saving and environmentally friendly form of residential construction. The main form of residence for residents in Longdong before the 1980s was also cave dwellings. Building cave dwellings was also a sideline at the time, and people who did this were usually called "pottery craftsmen." The work of "kiln craftsmen" mainly includes digging cliff faces, digging kilns, and hoop kilns. The cliff faces are usually about 10-20 meters long. After the cliff faces are dug, they can be processed into various patterns such as water waves, a hoe down, and random hoes. After the cave house is dug, the lines are set and the kiln shoulders are built. The cave house dug on the cliff face with poor soil quality also needs to be hooped. The cave house has a door, a window and a high window. The door, window and high window are convenient for up and down air convection and lighting, and can be closed at any time to keep warm. When the "kiln craftsmen" are carving, they cut the kiln roof into a shape of low inside and high outside, so that the smoke in the kiln can be quickly discharged from the high window. The "kiln craftsmen" with comprehensive skills also build kangs, stoves, and dig chimneys. Kangs are a major feature of cave dwellings. Cave dwellings must have kangs, but no beds. The kangs and stoves built by skilled craftsmen have zero smoke and no smoke during the burning process, and they save firewood and have a high heat utilization rate. Nowadays, when residents in eastern Longdong build houses, they also make their kitchens into hoop caves. The reason is that cave dwellings have thermal insulation properties, which are warm in winter and cool in summer, so that the water tanks and other living utensils in the kitchen will not be frozen in winter. It can be seen that cave dwellings and their construction skills are important in the lives of residents in eastern Longdong. Cave dwelling construction skills are one of the traditional handicrafts with a trajectory in the development of Chinese farming culture. They are the source of accommodation civilization in northern my country and a historical witness to the struggle and harmony between man and the natural environment. However, under the impact of modern residential culture, the unique cave dwelling culture is in an endangered state, and the cave dwelling construction skills are also facing the risk of being lost. It is very urgent and necessary to protect and inherit this traditional culture and construction skills.