Northern Shaanxi is the birthplace of Chinese civilization, with deep mountains and ravines. The thick loess and rich sand and gravel provide unique natural conditions for building cave dwellings. The plateau here is magnificent, desolate and barren. In the cruel struggle with nature, the bold and rough people of northern Shaanxi were created, and the unique loess architecture of northern Shaanxi cave dwellings was born. The prototype of the cave dwelling has been produced for 4,500 years. In the Zhou Dynasty, it formed a semi-underground style, and after the Qin and Han Dynasties, it developed into a full underground style, which is the current earth cave. The most glorious period of cave dwelling construction was in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Because cave dwellings are warm in winter and cool in summer, energy-saving and land-saving, and easy to construct and operate, cave dwellings are accepted by the majority of people in northern Shaanxi. They are the main residence of residents in northern Shaanxi and are still used today. They are called "living cultural relics" of raw earth architecture. Because cave dwellings are highly applicable in the local area, the cave dwelling construction skills are passed down from generation to generation in northern Shaanxi. The original ecological cultural construction technology has an inseparable origin with loess cave dwellings. Therefore, cave dwellings are not just a simple "living" space environment, but also the origin of northern Shaanxi culture and art. The people of northern Shaanxi have created unique cave dwelling construction techniques. Northern Shaanxi cave dwellings have practical values such as moisture retention, material saving, environmental protection, longevity, disaster reduction, preservation, storage, and long-term habitation. Whether as an individual or as a settlement group, they have unique aesthetic value.