Xingxian Daoqing
Lijiawan Daoqing in Xing County, Shanxi Province is a representative of Daoqing art in the northwest of Shanxi Province. According to the Xing County Chronicle (Guangxu Edition of the Qing Dynasty) and Xing County Cultural Chronicle, this type of drama was introduced from Shaanxi to Lijiawan, Heiyukou and other places in Xing County as early as the Ming Dynasty. After the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, it was continuously created to enrich its content. At the same time, it absorbed local folk songs, ballads and Yangko dance steps, and added a lot of content reflecting folk life to the original Daoqing drama that promoted Buddhist and Taoist ideas, thus becoming a local drama with special singing and performance forms. Lijiawan Daoqing music consists of three parts: gong and drum beats, tunes, and singing. Most of the gong and drum beats are the same as those of Jin Opera, including "Seven Hammers", "Flowing Water", "Hard Three Hammers", "Tu Lu Zi", "Roller", "Urgent Wind", "Lazy Five Hammers", "Three Turns", "Four-legged Head" and more than 20 others. The original tunes of Daoqing include [Baban], [Falling Money], [Wannianhong], etc., and those absorbed from other operas include [Ji Maohou], [Yi Ju Ban], [Pumpkin Vine], etc. The tunes of silk strings include [Liu Qingniang], [Xijiangyue], [Mantianxing], [Kuhuangtian], etc. The tunes of suona include [Xiao Sanyanqiang], [Quanweisheng], [Baicang], etc. The singing style is composed of several parts, such as calling the board, starting the board, interlude, singing style, winding the string, turning the board, and flowing the board. The commonly used tunes include "Seven-character tune", "Dou Qi Zi", "Shi Zi tune", "A Plum Blossom", "Falling Money", "Lang Taosha", "Liu Shui", "Xijiangyue", "Crying board", "Rolling machine", "Tall plum blossom", "Jieban", "Eight-sentence tune", "Ku Qi Zi", "Ku Shi Zi", "Fan Shi Zi", "Dong Shi Liu" and more than 20 other tunes. The repertoires reflect Taoist thoughts, such as Gao Lao Zhuang, Wu Fu Tang, Jing Tang Hui, Han Wengong's Instructions to His Son, Wu Long Tai, Ke Jia, Wu Lei Zhen, etc.; those that promote Confucian traditions include Toad Valley, Liu Quan Jing Gua, Three Sages, Night Stay at Flower Pavilion, Grassland, Five Jade Belts, Nine Clothes, The Plan of Burning Bowls, Liu Xiu's Visit to Southeast Asia, Noisy Garden, Visiting Garden, Jade Phoenix Pairing, Red Silk Shirt, etc.; folk song and dance Yangko dramas include Little Cowherd, Calling Girls, Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea, Sister-in-law Sending Pillows, Hitting Cherries, Liu San Running Donkey, etc. The literary scene is composed of instruments such as Hu Hu, Guanzi, Mei Di, Yangqin, Sheng, Si Hu, Di Hu, San Xian, Suona, etc. The martial scene is composed of O drum, Jian Ban, Xiao Chai, Ma Luo, Shou Luo, Shui Jiao. In the early years of the Republic of China, O drum and Jian Ban were used to beat the beat, and later they were replaced by Ban Gu and Xiao Gu in Yangko and Jin Opera. Lijiawan Daoqing originated from Taoism and temple music. Later, it took the strengths of various aspects and continuously improved them. It also absorbed the folk songs and dances along the Yellow River, which gradually formed a unique singing style and music style. It has important academic research value. Information source: General Office of Shanxi Provincial Government (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.) Information source: General Office of Shanxi Provincial Government (No pictures yet, welcome to provide.)