Puppetry has a long history in Shanxi. This folk opera, also known as "puppetry" or "puppet boy", originated in the Han Dynasty and evolved from wooden figurines used for funerals. In the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, puppetry flourished in Fushan area. Many local people were famous for making puppet boxes, and many puppetry artists emerged. In 1949, a puppetry troupe was established in Fushan County. The troupe absorbed the music and singing styles of Puzhou Bangzi and Meihu Opera, and rehearsed plays such as "Jingang Temple", "Noisy Hall", and "Beheading Son". Afterwards, the Fushan Puppetry Troupe participated in the first Shanxi Folk Art Observation Performance and went to North Korea with the National Art Delegation to perform condolences, winning praise from people from all walks of life. In the 1970s, puppetry developed further, with more than 300 plays compiled and performed, and it was frequently performed in various parts of Shanxi, and also performed in nearby provinces and Sichuan. However, in the 1980s, with the impact of market economy and foreign culture, puppetry performances gradually declined. Fushan puppetry combines the performance of sticks and strings, and can be performed on the same stage, saving manpower and allowing one person to do multiple things. Puppet show artists are multi-talented, and the manipulation and singing are closely coordinated and seamless. During the performance, the puppets swing their knives, dance with fists and sticks, shake their robes and sleeves, swing their wings, play with fans and throw colored ribbons, take off their hats and clothes, blow their beards and stare, sit cross-legged, shake their heads, kneel, bow, and jump, etc., all controlled by the artists. The performance content can perform not only ancient costume dramas, but also modern dramas and sketches, and can also perform difficult movements such as folk songs and dances, acrobatics, etc. They are especially good at performing mythological stories, such as "Tongtian River", "Flame Mountain", "Three Fights with the White Bone Demon", "Sun Wukong Strategy to Take the Banana Fan", "Journey to the West", etc. Fushan puppetry originates from life but transcends life. With exquisite stage art, it weaves historical stories, heroic figures and traditional virtues of the Chinese nation into plots and brings them to the stage. It expresses the working people's yearning for a better life, praying for happiness and good fortune, longing for ample food and clothing, and hoping for harmony and happiness. It is a precious intangible cultural heritage that should be promoted and protected.