Tancheng Door Hanging Notes

Shandong
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Tancheng hanging door paper, also known as door paper or door hanging, is named after the fact that it is posted on the door lintel during the Spring Festival. It is a comprehensive paper-cutting art made by people using techniques such as "painting, cutting, chiseling, fitting, inlaying, and pasting". It expresses people's good wishes for the traditional Spring Festival and a happy life through bright colors, auspicious meanings, festive patterns and complex craftsmanship. Together with New Year paintings and Spring Festival couplets, it has become a cultural symbol of the traditional Spring Festival in southern Shandong and northern Jiangsu. Tancheng hanging door paper originated in Xiaomatou Village, Matou Town, in the late Ming Dynasty, and has a history of more than 400 years. A family surnamed Ma was good at paper cutting. He used the red paper left over from writing Spring Festival couplets and cutting window decorations, cut it into rectangular paper with auspicious patterns with scissors, and pasted it on the door lintel. His practice was loved by his neighbors. The next Spring Festival, neighbors all rushed to ask him to cut hanging door paper, and Tancheng hanging door paper came into being. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the craft of making door hanging paper was passed on to Sheng Village. The artists Zheng Maoxiang and Zheng Zhenxiang of the village reformed the production tools, developing the single tool of scissors into multiple tools such as scissors, chisels, and blades, which accelerated the production speed and improved the production efficiency. In the 1830s, a wealthy family surnamed Zhang in Wangaoce Village married the Zheng family, and the craft of making door hanging paper was passed on to Wangaoce Village. The artists Zhang Daoming and Zhang Lefu of the village reformed the door hanging paper again, developing the monochrome door paper into multi-color door paper, using five colored papers such as red, yellow, blue, green, and purple as production materials, and made door hanging paper with bright colors and festive contents. In 1980, artists Zhang Daozhi, Zhang Naicang and others once again reformed the production process of door hanging paper, using a variety of techniques such as painting, cutting, chiseling, setting, inlaying, and pasting to inlay each color, and made the current color-matching door paper with different styles. The color, composition, pattern and expression theme of Tancheng door hanging paper reflect the temperament and characteristics of the folk culture of the Spring Festival in rural areas of southern Shandong. It is colorful, has a strong visual impact, has diverse patterns, beautiful composition, and has high aesthetic appeal and collection value. Its patterns and designs use homophony, symbolism, and allegory to express people's yearning and pursuit for a better life. For example, in the "Butterfly Peony" pattern, "Hu" is homophonic with "Fu", and "Die" is homophonic with "Di". The butterfly symbolizes auspiciousness and beauty, and the peony symbolizes wealth. It has historical, cultural, and folk research value. The composition of Tancheng Hanging Door Notes is heavy and concise, implying auspiciousness, celebration, blessing, and prayer, and has a high appreciation value; it is a traditional artwork made by craftsmen under extremely simple production conditions, reflecting the ingenuity of the working people's artistic talent. In 2016, Tancheng Hanging Door Notes was included in the fourth batch of representative projects of provincial intangible cultural heritage in Shandong Province.

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