Lushan Lanterns are a folk opera that evolved from the ancient Nuo Opera. In November 2006, they were listed as the first batch of intangible cultural heritage by the Sichuan Provincial People's Government. According to the Han Dynasty stele "Fan Min Stele", a national key cultural relic in Lushan County, Ya'an, "the last year was auspicious, and the witches were cruel. The stupid Qing Qiang people continued to rise, and there were many flatterers." Because the witches in the area were very strong in the Han Dynasty, the Nuo Opera (Qingtan) accompanied by sacrificial rituals came into being. According to the "Lushan County Chronicles" during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Lushan Lanterns were already prosperous in the Northern Song Dynasty. Some folklore experts believe that Lushan Lanterns originated in the Han Dynasty and prevailed in the Song Dynasty. From this, it can be inferred that Lushan Lanterns have existed for about 2,000 years. Qingtan activities have always been very popular in Lushan. The monotonous and boring rituals are long-lasting and it is difficult to attract people's interest. Therefore, lantern plays were gradually added to Qingtan to achieve the purpose of entertaining people and gods. Over time, the Lushan Lantern, with two lanterns, became independent from the witchcraft activities of the Qingtan. In the past, the "youngest sister" was played by a male character. Experts have verified that the role reversal shows that the lantern has a close relationship with the Qingtan, because the rituals are performed by men. Even today, the performance methods of the "clown" and "dan" of the Lushan Lantern, their eyebrows, claws, body movements, steps, lines, singing, etc., all have the shadow of the witchcraft performances in the Qingtan. Therefore, the Lushan Lantern is "Nuo has lanterns, and lanterns have Nuo". The Lushan Lantern is inseparable from the word "跩". It is this word "跩" that reveals the unique skills of the Lushan Lantern. The "three-faced" and "youngest sister" must not only learn, speak, tease, and sing, but also twist the "duck step". In addition to the band and the chorus, there are only two main roles in Lushan Lantern, one "clown" and one "dan", namely "Sanhualian" and "Yaomeizi". The actors are all native Lushan people, and their dialects, allegorical sayings, and truthful words are humorous, easy to understand, and have a strong earthy flavor. The performance can be performed anywhere, in the square in front of the temple, in the fields, in the main hall and courtyard. The accompanying instruments are also very simple. Except for the indispensable erhu, gongs, drums, and suona are not required. Although Lushan Lantern is a local opera, it integrates many ethnic customs. "Sanhualian" not only wears the fur coat inside out, but also carries half of his arm diagonally. Anyone with a discerning eye can see that wearing the fur coat inside out is the custom of the Qiang people, and carrying half of his arm diagonally is the dress of the Tibetan compatriots. The lyrics and lines of the performers are authentic Chinese.