Heritage with Related Tags
The Jantar Mantar, Jaipur
Jantar Mantar in Jaipur is an astronomical observatory built in the early 18th century. It includes a group of about 20 major fixed instruments. They are examples of masonry of known instruments, but in many cases they have their own specific features. Designed for naked-eye observation of astronomical positions, these observatories embody several architectural and instrumental innovations. This is the most important, comprehensive and best preserved of India's historical observatories. It is a reflection of astronomical skills and cosmological concepts, a court building of a learned prince at the end of the Mughal dynasty.
Chankillo Archaeoastronomical Complex
The Astronomical Archaeological Complex of Chanquilo is a prehistoric site (250-200 BC) located in the Cosma Valley on the north-central coast of Peru, consisting of a group of buildings in a desert landscape that, together with the natural landscape, served as a calendar tool, using the sun to determine dates throughout the year. The site includes a three-walled hilltop complex known as the defensive temple, two complexes known as the observatory and administrative center, a row of 13 cubic towers running along a ridge, and Cerro Muchomaro, a natural landmark that complements the 13 towers. This ritual center was probably built for the worship of the sun, and the 13 towers were flanked by an observation point on each side of the north-south line, allowing the sun's rise and set points to be observed throughout the year. The site demonstrated great innovation in using the solar cycle and an artificial horizon to mark the solstices, equinoxes, and every other date of the year with an accuracy of 1-2 days. As such, it bears witness to the long historical evolution of astronomical practices in the Cosma Valley.
Kazan Federal University Astronomical Observatory
The heritage site consists of two parts: one is located in the historical center of Kazan, and the other is located in the forest area in the western suburbs of the city. The Kazan City Observatory was built in 1837 on the campus of Kazan Federal University. It has a semicircular outer wall and three domed towers, where astronomical instruments are placed. The Engelhardt Observatory in the suburbs includes a sky observation building and a residential building, all located in a park. The observatory has preserved complete astronomical instruments and now mainly serves an educational function.
Kazan Federal University Astronomical Observatory
The heritage site consists of two parts: one is located in the historical center of Kazan, and the other is located in the forest area in the western suburbs of the city. The Kazan City Observatory was built in 1837 on the campus of Kazan Federal University. It has a semicircular outer wall and three domed towers, where astronomical instruments are placed. The Engelhardt Observatory in the suburbs includes a sky observation building and a residential building, all located in a park. The observatory has preserved complete astronomical instruments and now mainly serves an educational function.
Beijing Planetarium
Beijing Planetarium is the first planetarium in China. It is located outside Xizhimen, Beijing. It was established in September 1957. The museum has a 23.5-meter-diameter planetarium symbolizing the sky. In the middle, a sophisticated domestic large-scale planetarium is installed, which can show the sun, moon, stars, meteors, comets, solar eclipses and lunar eclipses. It can accommodate 600 people. In the middle of the lobby, there is a Foucault pendulum that reflects the rotation of the earth. The exhibition hall on the west side displays astronomical knowledge exhibitions, and the lecture hall on the east side often holds academic exchanges and popular astronomical science knowledge reports. There are two observatories in the courtyard, one of which is equipped with a 13-centimeter-diameter telescope, through which the audience can observe the moon, planets, nebulae, star clusters, and observe sunspots during the day. Beijing Planetarium also uses this telescope for research records and participates in the national sunspot joint observation project. The other is the chromospheric telescope observatory, which uses the chromospheric telescope to observe and photograph the changes in the solar chromosphere. There is also an astronomical square on the west side, which displays outdoor observation instruments for the audience to observe. The museum publishes magazines such as "Astronomy Enthusiasts" and "Astronomy Popularization Calendar" co-edited with Purple Mountain Observatory. The Beijing Ancient Observatory, located southwest of the Jianguomen Interchange in Dongcheng District, Beijing, is under the management of the Beijing Planetarium and is a national key cultural relic protection unit. The Ancient Observatory was built in the seventh year of the Zhengtong Period of the Ming Dynasty (1442) and displays eight giant copper astronomical instruments from the Qing Dynasty: the equatorial theodolite, the ecliptic theodolite, the celestial sphere, the time-limit instrument, the quadrant, the horizontal meridian instrument, the horizontal theodolite and the Jiheng Fuchen instrument, which are vivid and exquisitely crafted. The Ancient Observatory also includes auxiliary buildings such as the Ziwei Hall and the Sundial Shadow Hall. The main platform of the Ancient Observatory is opened up as a three-story hollow hall; the first and second exhibition halls, the Ziwei Hall, the east and west wing rooms and the Sundial Shadow Hall display the "Exhibition of Achievements in Ancient Chinese Astronomy", as well as the plaques written by Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty and "Observing the World and Giving Time" by Qianlong. In front of the Ziwei Hall, there are models of a simple instrument and a third of a sphere, and in the courtyard, there are regular instruments. In front of the Guiying Hall, there is a bronze gnomon.
Beijing Planetarium
Beijing Planetarium is the first planetarium in China. It is located outside Xizhimen, Beijing. It was established in September 1957. The museum has a 23.5-meter-diameter planetarium symbolizing the sky. In the middle, a sophisticated domestic large-scale planetarium is installed, which can show the sun, moon, stars, meteors, comets, solar eclipses and lunar eclipses. It can accommodate 600 people. In the middle of the lobby, there is a Foucault pendulum that reflects the rotation of the earth. The exhibition hall on the west side displays astronomical knowledge exhibitions, and the lecture hall on the east side often holds academic exchanges and popular astronomical science knowledge reports. There are two observatories in the courtyard, one of which is equipped with a 13-centimeter-diameter telescope, through which the audience can observe the moon, planets, nebulae, star clusters, and observe sunspots during the day. Beijing Planetarium also uses this telescope for research records and participates in the national sunspot joint observation project. The other is the chromospheric telescope observatory, which uses the chromospheric telescope to observe and photograph the changes in the solar chromosphere. There is also an astronomical square on the west side, which displays outdoor observation instruments for the audience to observe. The museum publishes magazines such as "Astronomy Enthusiasts" and "Astronomy Popularization Calendar" co-edited with Purple Mountain Observatory. The Beijing Ancient Observatory, located southwest of the Jianguomen Interchange in Dongcheng District, Beijing, is under the management of the Beijing Planetarium and is a national key cultural relic protection unit. The Ancient Observatory was built in the seventh year of the Zhengtong Period of the Ming Dynasty (1442) and displays eight giant copper astronomical instruments from the Qing Dynasty: the equatorial theodolite, the ecliptic theodolite, the celestial sphere, the time-limit instrument, the quadrant, the horizontal meridian instrument, the horizontal theodolite and the Jiheng Fuchen instrument, which are vivid and exquisitely crafted. The Ancient Observatory also includes auxiliary buildings such as the Ziwei Hall and the Sundial Shadow Hall. The main platform of the Ancient Observatory is opened up as a three-story hollow hall; the first and second exhibition halls, the Ziwei Hall, the east and west wing rooms and the Sundial Shadow Hall display the "Exhibition of Achievements in Ancient Chinese Astronomy", as well as the plaques written by Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty and "Observing the World and Giving Time" by Qianlong. In front of the Ziwei Hall, there are models of a simple instrument and a third of a sphere, and in the courtyard, there are regular instruments. In front of the Guiying Hall, there is a bronze gnomon.