Intangible culture with Related Tags
Heritage with Related Tags
Kilimanjaro National Park
Mount Kilimanjaro, at 5,895 meters above sea level, is the highest point in Africa. This volcanic massif stands in stark contrast to the surrounding plains, with its snow-capped peak towering over the savannah. The mountain is surrounded by mountain forests. Many mammals, many of which are endangered species, live in the park.
Getbol, Korean Tidal Flats
Located in the eastern Yellow Sea off the southwestern and southern coasts of South Korea, the site consists of four components: Seocheon Tidal Flat, Gochang Tidal Flat, Sinan Tidal Flat, and Boseong-Suncheon Tidal Flat. The site exhibits complex geological, oceanographic, and climatic conditions that resulted in the formation of diverse sedimentary systems along the coast. Each component represents one of the four tidal flat subtypes (estuarine, open bay, archipelagic, and semi-enclosed). The site has a high degree of biodiversity, with 2,150 species of plants and animals reported, including 22 globally endangered or near-threatened species. It is home to 47 endemic and five endangered marine invertebrates, in addition to a total of 118 species of migratory birds, for which the site provides an important habitat. Endemic fauna include mud octopus (Octopus minor) and sediment feeders such as Japanese mud crab (Macrophthalmus japonica), fiddler crab (Uca lactea) and polychaetes (polychaetes), Stimpson's ghost crab (Ocypode stimpsoni), Yellow Sea sand snail (Umbonium thomasi), and various suspension feeders such as clams. The site demonstrates the connection between geodiversity and biodiversity, and demonstrates cultural diversity and the dependence of human activities on the natural environment.
Central Amazon Conservation Complex
The Central Amazon Conservation Area is the largest protected area in the Amazon Basin (over 6 million hectares) and one of the most biodiverse regions on Earth. It also includes the important Várzea ecosystem, the Igapo forest, lakes and waterways that form an evolving aquatic mosaic and are home to the world's largest population of electric fish. The reserve protects key endangered species, including the Arapaima, the Amazon manatee, the black caiman and two species of river dolphins.
Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of Yellow Sea-Bohai Gulf of China (Phase I)
The property contains the world's largest system of intertidal mudflats. These mudflats, as well as swamps and shallows, are extremely fertile and support many species of fish and crustaceans. The intertidal zones of the Yellow Sea/Bohai Bay are of global importance for the aggregation of many migratory bird species that use the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. Large numbers of birds, including some of the world's most endangered species, rely on the coastline as a stopover to moult, rest, overwinter or nest.
Rainforests of the Atsinanana
The Achinanana rainforests include six national parks spread across the eastern part of the island. These remnant forests are essential for the ongoing ecological processes necessary to sustain Madagascar's unique biodiversity, reflecting the island's geological history. At the end of the last century, Madagascar's plants and animals evolved in isolation more than 60 million years ago. The rainforests are remembered for their importance to ecological and biological processes, as well as for their biodiversity and the endangered species they support. Many species are rare, with primates and lemurs being particularly threatened.
Rwenzori Mountains National Park
Located in western Uganda, the Rwenzori Mountains National Park covers nearly 100,000 hectares and is the main part of the Rwenzori Mountains, which includes Africa's third highest peak (Mount Margarita: 5,109 meters). The glaciers, waterfalls and lakes in the area make it one of the most beautiful alpine areas in Africa. The park contains natural habitats for many endangered species and rich and exotic flora, including species such as giant heather.
Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra
The 2.5 million hectare Sumatran Rainforest Heritage includes three national parks: Gunung Leuser National Park, Kerinci Seblat National Park and Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park. The site has the greatest potential for the long-term conservation of Sumatra's unique and diverse biomes, including many endangered species. The protected area is home to approximately 10,000 plant species, including 17 endemic genera; more than 200 mammal species; and approximately 580 bird species, of which 465 are resident and 21 are endemic. Of the mammals, 22 are Asian species not found elsewhere in the archipelago, and 15 are found only in Indonesia, including the endemic Sumatran orangutan. The site also provides biogeographical evidence of the island's evolution.
Los Alerces National Park
Los Alerces National Park is located in the Andes Mountains in northern Patagonia, with its western border coinciding with the Chilean border. Successive glaciations have shaped the landscape of the area, creating spectacular features such as moraines, glacial cirques and clearwater lakes. Vegetation is dominated by dense temperate forests and high up in the Andes with alpine meadows. Its most distinctive and iconic landscape is the Alerces Forest; the globally endangered Alerces tree is the second oldest tree species in the world (over 3,600 years old). The Alerces Forest is well preserved on the property. The property is vital for the conservation of the last remaining almost pristine forests in Patagonia and is home to many endemic and endangered species of plants and animals.
Salonga National Park
Salonga National Park is the largest tropical rainforest reserve in Africa. Located in the heart of the Central Congo River Basin, the park is so remote that it can only be reached by water. It is home to many local endangered species, such as the pygmy chimpanzee, the Congo peacock, the forest elephant and the African slender-nosed crocodile or "false" crocodile.
Nyungwe National Park
Nyungwe National Park is an important rainforest reserve in Central Africa. It has well-preserved forests and peat bogs, heaths, scrub and grasslands, providing habitat for a highly diverse range of flora and fauna. In addition, a large number of unique species have found their most important natural habitats here, including the endangered eastern chimpanzee, golden monkey, and the critically endangered hill horseshoe bat. In addition, there are 12 endangered mammals and 7 bird species living here. Nyungwe National Park is one of the most important bird reserves in Africa, with 317 bird species recorded.
Okapi Wildlife Reserve
The Okapi Game Reserve is located in northeastern Democratic Republic of Congo and occupies one fifth of the Ituri Forest. The reserve and forest are located in the Congo River Basin, one of the largest water systems in Africa. The reserve is home to endangered primates and birds, and is home to approximately 5,000 okapis, with an estimated 30,000 in the wild. The reserve also features some spectacular scenery, including waterfalls on the Ituri and Epulu rivers. The reserve is inhabited by the traditional nomadic Mbuti pygmy people and Efe hunters.
Ecosystem and Relict Cultural Landscape of Lopé-Okanda
The Lope-Okanda Ecosystem and Cultural Site demonstrates an unusual interface between dense and well-preserved tropical rainforest and remnant savannah environments, rich in species, including endangered large mammals and habitats. The site demonstrates ecological and biological processes by which species and habitats adapted to post-glacial climate change. It contains evidence of successive migrations of different peoples who left behind a wealth of well-preserved remains of habitation on mountaintops, in caves and around shelters, evidence of iron working, and some 1,800 remarkable petroglyphs (rock engravings). The property's Neolithic and Iron Age sites and the rock art found there reflect a major migration route of Bantu and other peoples from West Africa along the Ogowe River Valley to the north in the dense evergreen Congo forests and east-central and southern Africa, a route that shaped the development of all of sub-Saharan Africa.
Ogasawara Islands
The property includes more than 30 islands, divided into three groups, covering an area of 7,939 hectares. The islands have a variety of landscapes and are home to a wide range of animals, including the critically endangered bat Ogasawara flying fox and 195 endangered bird species. 441 native plant species have been recorded on the islands, and their waters support a wide range of fish, cetaceans and corals. The ecosystem of the Ogasawara Islands reflects a range of evolutionary processes, with plant species from Southeast and Northwest Asia, as well as many endemic species.
Shiretoko
The Shiretoko Peninsula is located northeast of Hokkaido, Japan's northernmost island. The site includes the land and surrounding marine areas from the middle of the peninsula to the tip of the peninsula (Cape Shiretoko). It is an outstanding example of the interaction of marine and terrestrial ecosystems and of extraordinary ecosystem productivity, which is largely influenced by the formation of seasonal sea ice at the lowest latitude in the Northern Hemisphere. It is of special importance for many marine and terrestrial species, some of which are endangered and endemic, such as the Black's Fish Owl and the Viola yedoensis plant. The site is of global importance for endangered seabirds and migratory birds, many salmon species, and marine mammals including Steller sea lions and some cetaceans.
Western Ghats
The Western Ghats are older than the Himalayas and their geomorphic features are extremely important, with unique biophysical and ecological processes. The site's alpine forest ecosystems influence the Indian monsoon climate pattern. The site regulates the region's tropical climate and is one of the best examples of a monsoon system on Earth. It also has extremely high biodiversity and endemism, and is recognized as one of the world's eight "hottest hotspots" for biodiversity. The site's forests include some of the best representatives of non-equatorial tropical evergreen forests and are home to at least 325 globally threatened species of plants, animals, birds, amphibians, reptiles and fish.
Socotra Archipelago
Located in the northwest of the Indian Ocean, near the Gulf of Aden, the Socotra Archipelago is 250 km long and consists of four islands and two rocky islets, which appear as an extension of the Horn of Africa. The site is of universal importance for its biodiversity and rich and unique flora and fauna: 37% of Socotra's 825 plant species, 90% of reptiles and 95% of snail species are found nowhere else in the world. The site also supports globally important populations of land and seabirds (192 bird species, 44 of which breed on the island and 85 are regular migrants), including many endangered species. Socotra's marine life is also very diverse, with 253 species of reef-building corals, 730 coastal fish species and 300 species of crabs, lobsters and shrimps.
Area de Conservación Guanacaste
The Guanacaste Reserve (listed in 1999) has been expanded to include the 15,000-hectare private property Santa Elena. The area contains important natural habitats essential for the conservation of biodiversity, including the best dry forest habitat from Central America to northern Mexico and critical habitats for endangered or rare plant and animal species. The site demonstrates important ecological processes in both terrestrial and marine coastal environments.
Everglades National Park
This site at the southern tip of Florida has been described as "a river of grass that flows imperceptibly from inland to the sea." Its diverse aquatic habitats make it a refuge for a large number of birds and reptiles, as well as endangered species such as the manatee.
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary
Located on the gentle slopes of the Himalayan foothills, where wooded hills give way to alluvial grasslands and tropical forests, the Manas Conservancy is home to a diverse range of wildlife, including many endangered species such as tigers, pygmy hogs, Indian rhinos and Indian elephants.
Belize Barrier Reef Reserve System
The coastal area of Belize is an outstanding natural system consisting of the largest barrier reef in the Northern Hemisphere, offshore atolls, hundreds of sandbars, mangroves, coastal lagoons and estuaries. Seven sites in the system showcase the evolutionary history of coral reef development and are important habitats for endangered species, including sea turtles, manatees and American crocodiles.
Dong Phayayen-Khao Yai Forest Complex
The Dong Phayayan-Khao Yai Forest Complex stretches for 230 km, bordering Ta Phaya National Park on the Cambodian border to the east and Khao Yai National Park to the west. It is home to more than 800 species of animals, including 112 mammals (including two species of gibbons), 392 bird species and 200 reptiles and amphibians. The conservation of globally threatened and endangered mammal, bird and reptile species is of international importance, 19 of which are vulnerable and four are endangered, and the area contains a number of important tropical forest ecosystems that can provide suitable habitats for the long-term survival of these species.
Mammoth Cave National Park
Mammoth Cave National Park in Kentucky contains the world's largest network of natural caves and underground passages that are typical of limestone formations. The park and its network of underground passages (more than 560 kilometers of passages have been surveyed) are home to a wide variety of plants and animals, including many endangered species.
Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary
The Mount Hamiguitan Wildlife Refuge is located in the southeastern part of the Eastern Mindanao Biodiversity Corridor, a north-south ridge that runs along the Pujada Peninsula. The Refuge ranges from 75 to 1,637 meters above sea level and provides an important habitat for a wide variety of plants and animals. The Refuge showcases terrestrial and aquatic habitats at different altitudes and includes endangered and endemic plant and animal species, eight of which are found only in Mount Hamiguitan. These include critically endangered trees, plants, and the iconic Philippine Eagle and Philippine Cockatoo.
Lagoons of New Caledonia: Reef Diversity and Associated Ecosystems
The series of sites consists of six marine groups representing the main diversity of coral reefs and associated ecosystems in the French Pacific archipelago of New Caledonia, and is one of the three most extensive coral reef systems in the world. These lagoons are of extraordinary natural beauty. They are characterized by an extremely high diversity of coral and fish species, a wide variety of habitats from mangroves to seagrasses, and the highest density of coral reef structures in the world. The New Caledonian lagoons have intact ecosystems, healthy populations of large predators, a wide variety of species, and large fish. They provide habitats for many iconic or endangered marine species, such as turtles, whales, and dugongs, which have the third largest population of dugongs in the world.
Colchic Rainforests and Wetlands
The site consists of seven components and is 80 km long, located along the warm temperate and very wet eastern coast of the Black Sea. They offer a range of the most typical Korchi ecosystems, ranging from sea level to more than 2,500 meters above sea level. The main ecosystems are the ancient Korchi deciduous rain forests and wetlands, percolation swamps and other swamp types in the unique Korchi swamp area. The very wet broadleaved rain forests contain a highly diverse flora and fauna, with a very high density of endemic and relict species, including a large number of globally endangered species and relicts, which have survived the glacial cycles of the Tertiary period. The site has about 1,100 species of vascular and non-vascular plants, including 44 endangered vascular plants, nearly 500 vertebrates and a large number of invertebrates. The site also hosts 19 endangered animal species, including sturgeons, especially the critically endangered Colchicus colchicus. It is an important stopover for many globally endangered bird species migrating through the Batumi bottleneck.
Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks
Nestled in the western Himalayas, India’s Valley of Flowers National Park is renowned for its unique alpine flower meadows and outstanding natural beauty. This species-rich region is also home to rare and endangered animals, including Asiatic black bears, snow leopards, brown bears and blue sheep. The gentle landscapes of the Valley of Flowers National Park complement the rugged mountain wilderness of the Nanda Devi National Park. Together, they form a unique transition zone between the Zanskar Range and the Greater Himalayas, which has been lauded by mountaineers and botanists for more than a century, and even more so in Hindu mythology.
Los Katíos National Park
Los Katíos National Park is located in the northwest of Colombia and covers more than 72,000 hectares of low hills, forests and wet plains. The park is extremely rich in biodiversity and is home to many endangered animal species and many endemic plants.
Coiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection
Located on the southwestern coast of Panama, Isla Coiba National Park protects the island of Coiba, 38 islets, and the surrounding marine areas within the Gulf of Chiriquí. Protected from cold winds and El Niño events, the Pacific Tropical Moist Forest of Isla Coiba maintains an exceptionally high endemism of mammals, birds, and plants, thanks to the continuous evolution of new species. It is also the last refuge for many endangered animals, such as the Crested Eagle. The site is an outstanding natural laboratory for scientific research, providing an important ecological link with the tropical eastern Pacific for the transit and survival of pelagic fish and marine mammals.
Ivindo National Park
Located on the equator in northern Gabon, the site covers nearly 300,000 hectares of mostly pristine conditions surrounded by a picturesque network of blackwater rivers. The site features rapids and waterfalls surrounded by intact rainforest, creating a landscape of great aesthetic value. The site’s aquatic habitats host endemic freshwater fish species, 13 of which are threatened, at least seven species of Podostemaceae river grasses, and each waterfall may have micro-endemic aquatic plants. Many of the fish species at the site have not yet been described, and parts of the site have barely been surveyed. The critically endangered slender-snouted crocodile (Mecistops cataphractus) has found sanctuary in Ivindo National Park, which also contains biogeographically unique native forests of the Caesalpinioideae species, with high conservation value, supporting, for example, a wide variety of butterflies and flagship mammals and birds at risk, such as the critically endangered forest elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis), western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla), endangered chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) and grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus), as well as the vulnerable grey-necked rock grouse (Picathartes oreas), mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx), leopard (Panthera pardus), African golden cat (Caracal aurata) and three species of pangolins (Manidae spp.).
Sangha Trinational
Located in the northwest of the Congo Basin, at the border of Cameroon, the Central African Republic and Congo, the site includes three connected national parks with a total area of approximately 750,000 hectares. Largely untouched by human activity, the site features a wide variety of moist tropical forest ecosystems with a rich variety of flora and fauna, including Nile crocodiles and large predators such as giant tiger fish. Forest clearings provide habitat for herbaceous plants, and Sanga is home to a large population of forest elephants, critically endangered western lowland gorillas and endangered chimpanzees. The site's environment preserves the continuation of large-scale ecological and evolutionary processes, as well as a rich biodiversity, including many endangered animal species.
Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area
Huanglong Valley is located in the northwest of Sichuan Province and is made up of snow-capped peaks and China's easternmost glaciers. In addition to the mountainous landscape, there are diverse forest ecosystems, as well as spectacular limestone landforms, waterfalls and hot springs. The area is also home to a large number of endangered animals, including giant pandas and Sichuan golden monkeys.
Ujung Kulon National Park
Located on the Sunda Shelf at the southwestern tip of Java, the national park encompasses the Ujung Kulon Peninsula and several offshore islands, and includes the Krakatau Nature Reserve. In addition to its natural beauty and geological significance - especially for the study of inland volcanoes - it contains the largest remaining area of lowland rainforest on the Javanese plain. Many endangered species of flora and fauna can be found here, with the Javan rhino being the most threatened.
Central Highlands of Sri Lanka
The Sri Lanka Highlands are located in the south-central part of the island. The estate includes the Peak District Wilderness Area, Horton Plains National Park and Knuckles Protected Forest. Rising up to 2,500 metres above sea level, these alpine forests are home to a wide variety of flora and fauna, including several endangered species such as the western purple-faced langur, the Horton Plains slender slow loris and the Sri Lankan leopard. The area is considered a super biodiversity hotspot.
Taï National Park
The park is one of the last major areas of intact tropical forest in West Africa. It is rich in natural flora, as well as endangered mammal species such as the pygmy hippopotamus and 11 species of monkeys, and has important scientific value.
Great Smoky Mountains National Park
This scenic park covers over 200,000 hectares and is home to more than 3,500 plant species, including nearly as many trees as in all of Europe (130 natural species). Many endangered animal species are also found here, including what is probably the world's largest variety of salamanders. As the park is relatively unspoiled, it offers an overview of temperate flora before human influence.
Shark Bay, Western Australia
Located at the westernmost tip of mainland Australia, Shark Bay is made up of surrounding islands and landmasses and has three unique natural features: its extensive seagrass beds, which are the largest (4,800 square kilometres) and most abundant in the world; its dugong (sea cow) population; and stromatolites (colonies of algae that form hard, dome-shaped sediments and are among the oldest forms of life on Earth). Shark Bay is also home to five endangered mammal species.