Heritage with Related Tags
Dacia, the frontier of the Roman Empire
<p>From 500 BC, the Roman Empire began to gradually expand its territory into Europe and North Africa. By the 2nd century AD, the total length of the border reached about 7,500 kilometers. The Romanian section, the Dacia border, was in normal operation from 106 to 271 AD. The heritage site consists of 277 parts and is the longest and most complex land border of a former Roman province in Europe. It crosses different landforms and connects legionary forts, auxiliary forts, earthen walls, watchtowers, temporary camps, and secular buildings into a network. Dacia is the only province of ancient Rome located entirely on the north bank of the Danube. Its borders not only protected the hinterland from "barbarians" but also controlled access to valuable resources such as gold and salt. </p>
Roșia Montană Mining Landscape
Located in the metalliferous zone of the Apuseni Mountains in western Romania, Monte Rosia hosts the most important, extensive and technologically diverse underground Roman gold mining area known from the time of inscriptional records. As Albernus Major, it was the site of large-scale gold mining during the Roman Empire. Over a period of 166 years, starting in 106 AD, the Romans extracted approximately 500 tonnes of gold from the site, developing highly engineered works, tunnels of different types totalling 7 kilometres and multiple waterwheels at four underground high-grade ore sources. Waxed wooden writing tablets provide detailed legal, socio-economic, demographic and linguistic information on Roman mining activities, not only at Albernus Major but also in the wider province of Dacia. The site demonstrates a fusion of imported Roman mining techniques with locally developed ones, unknown elsewhere at such an early date. Mining was also carried out at the site from the Middle Ages to the modern era, albeit on a smaller scale. Late-stage extractive works surround and cross Roman galleries. The entire complex is set in an agro-pastoral landscape and largely reflects the community structure that supported the mines from the 18th to the early 20th centuries.
Wooden Churches of Maramureş
These eight churches are outstanding examples of a range of architectural solutions from different periods and regions. They demonstrate the diversity of design and craftsmanship employed in these narrow, tall wooden buildings, with their distinctive tall, slender bell towers located at the western end of the buildings, with single or double roofs covered with wooden tiles. As such, they are a unique vernacular expression of the cultural landscape of northern Romania’s mountainous regions.