Heritage with Related Tags
Altar of the Land and Grain
The Sheji Altar is located in the southwest of the Forbidden City, close to the central axis and symmetrical with the Imperial Ancestral Temple. The building complex is a rectangular building complex that is slightly longer from north to south, and is surrounded by two inner and outer walls to form a ring-shaped courtyard. The inner altar is a ritual and sacrificial space, surrounded by a square inner wall in the center, with a door on each of the four sides of the inner altar wall and the inner wall, and the altar in the center. The God Storehouse and God Kitchen are located in the southwest corner of the inner altar, and the slaughter pavilion building complex is located outside the west wall. 612 ancient trees are planted in the outer altar, creating a quiet atmosphere of the royal altar. In addition, the outer altar area also creates a garden landscape with a strong Chinese traditional interest. There are two rockery in the west, and a free-form pond in the southwest. There are waterside pavilions, Tanghuawu and other buildings around the pond. The Sheji Altar is the most complete ceremonial building complex for the royal sacrifice to Taishe and Taiji in ancient China. The outer altar, inner altar, and inner triple altar walls create a sacred sacrificial atmosphere with rich levels of change. The inner altar is the core of the sacrificial space. From south to north, along the central axis of the inner altar, there are Nantanmen, Nanxingmen, Shejitan altar, Beilingxingmen, Baidian, Jimen, Beitanmen and other buildings. After entering the inner altar, you can see the inner wall. The center of the inner wall is the Shejitan altar. The north of the inner wall is the Baidian. Jimen is located directly north of the Baidian and is slightly lower than the Baidian. Beitanmen was the entrance to the ritual sacrificial route during the Ming and Qing dynasties, so it is taller than the South Gate. Shejitan was a place for worshiping She (land) and (grains) during the Ming and Qing dynasties. The significance of worshiping Sheji and Ji is not limited to the worship of land and grains themselves, but it shows the importance of the country's territory, and has the extended meaning of praying for the country's solid foundation, prosperity, and integrity of the territory. The worship of Sheji emphasizes the influence of land and grains on the country and society, thus closely linking the national and social order with the relationship between people and land. Shetan became a park in modern times. It is the earliest royal temple in Beijing to be transformed into an urban park, and it is still open to the public as a park. The Altar of Land and Grain was first built in the 18th year of the Yongle reign of the Ming Dynasty (1420). Initially, there was only an altar in the inner altar. In the Ming Dynasty, the slaughter pavilion, the god's storehouse and god's kitchen, the worship hall and the gate were successively built. The resulting structure has been preserved to this day. Only the main buildings were repaired in the Qing Dynasty. On October 10, 1914, the Altar of Land and Grain was opened to the public as the Central Park. It was the first royal temple in Beijing to be transformed into an urban park, and witnessed the process of the publicization of the central axis of Beijing. In 1928, the Central Park was renamed Zhongshan Park and is still open to the public today.
Duanmen
Duanmen is located between Tiananmen and Wumen Gate of the Forbidden City. Between Tiananmen and Duanmen, the court rooms are arranged symmetrically on the east and west sides, with a street gate in the middle, leading to the southern part of the Ancestral Temple and the Altar of Sheji. Duanmen and Wumen also have symmetrical duty rooms on the east and west sides. The right door of the temple and the left door of the community are on the south side, leading to the middle of the Ancestral Temple and the Altar of Sheji; the left door of the que and the right door of the que are on the north side. Duanmen, Wumen, Tiananmen and the inner Thousand-Step Corridors on both sides together form two courtyards with a strong sense of depth, which become the leading ceremonial sequence for entering the palace city. The oppressive and contracted spatial atmosphere formed by the heavy doors and high walls is in sharp contrast to the Taihemen Square that suddenly opens up behind the Wumen Gate, highlighting the majesty of the emperor. Duanmen consists of a city platform and a tower, and its architectural form and volume are basically the same as those of the Tiananmen Tower. The tower is nine bays wide and five bays deep, with a double-eaved hip roof style on the roof, covered with yellow glazed tiles. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the functions of Duanmen Gate were basically the same. It was a place to store the emperor's ceremonial supplies and also a place to organize the ceremonial guards. When the emperor went on tour, he boarded the imperial carriage from Duanmen Gate, which was the beginning of etiquette. When going on tour or returning from activities such as morning court, festivals, and sacrifices, the ceremonial guards lined up neatly on both sides of the corridor, and the bells were struck at Duanmen Gate and the drums were beaten at Wumen Gate. The court rooms on both sides of Duanmen Gate were places for officials to rest and wait before going to court. Today, Duanmen Gate is officially open to the public after renovation. Duanmen Gate was first built in the 18th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1420) and rebuilt in the 6th year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty (1667). In 1999, Duanmen Gate was officially opened to the public after renovation.
Beijing Zhongshan Park
Located on the west side of Tiananmen Square, Zhongshan Park is close to Jinshui Bridge, the Forbidden City and Zhongnanhai. It covers an area of 23.8 hectares and is a memorial temple garden. Beijing Zhongshan Park was listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit in 1988. The location of the park was originally an ancient temple in the Tang Dynasty and Wanshou Xingguo Temple in the Yuan Dynasty. The Sheji Altar in the park symbolizes the imperial power, the land and the national harvest. It is the place where feudal emperors worship the earth god. In addition, there are ancient sacrificial buildings such as the Five-Colored Soil Altar, the God Kitchen, the God Storehouse, and the Animal Slaughter Pavilion in the park. Zhongshan Park was originally called Central Park and is the first public garden in Beijing. Zhongshan Park has a superior geographical location and beautiful scenery. Therefore, it has become the most popular tourist attraction. It is a gathering place for people from all walks of life and social groups in Beijing. Even celebrities such as Li Dazhao, Ba Jin, and Lu Xun have gathered here to drink tea. In 1925, Mr. Sun Yat-sen passed away. The worship hall in the park was used for public sacrifice. In order to commemorate Mr. Sun Yat-sen, the park was officially renamed Zhongshan Park. Afterwards, the park built the waterside pavilion, the Pine and Cypress Pavilion, the Maxim Pavilion, the Tanghuawu, etc. After the founding of New China, new scenic spots such as Yuyuan and Lai Jin Yuxuan were built.