Heritage with Related Tags
Silk Roads: the Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor
The site is part of the Silk Road network, which stretched 5,000 km from Chang'an/Luoyang, the capital of China during the Han and Tang dynasties, to the Zhehe region of Central Asia. Formed in the 2nd century BC and 1st century AD, and used until the 16th century, it connected multiple civilizations and facilitated a wide range of activities such as trade, religious beliefs, scientific knowledge, technological innovations, cultural practices and art. The route network includes capitals and palace complexes of various empires and khanates, trading settlements, Buddhist cave temples, ancient roads, post roads, passes, beacon towers, sections of the Great Wall, fortifications, tombs and religious buildings.
Beijing Jiaozhuanghu Tunnel Warfare Site Memorial Hall
The Beijing Jiaozhuanghu Tunnel Warfare Site Memorial Hall is located in Jiaozhuanghu Village, Longwantun Town, northeast of Shunyi District, 60 kilometers away from Beijing city. It is an important war site where the Chinese people fought against the Japanese invaders during the Second World War. It was built to commemorate the heroic Jiaozhuanghu people's great historical contributions to the Anti-Japanese War and the War of Liberation by using tunnel warfare. During the war, Jiaozhuanghu Village belonged to the Jidong Anti-Japanese Base Area and was the only way to the Pingxi and Pingbei base areas. In 1943, under the leadership of the Party, the old village chief Ma Fu began to lead the villagers to dig tunnels. It took three years to dig and build a tunnel network with Jiaozhuanghu Village as the center and radiating to the surrounding villages. The tunnel is 23 miles long and is a "four-capable" tunnel that can walk, hide, fight and defend. The Jiaozhuanghu militia used the various advantages of the tunnel and cooperated with the local armed forces to fight the enemy more than 150 times, inflicting heavy damage on the enemy, and made outstanding contributions to the fight against the Japanese fascist invasion and the liberation of the motherland. Due to its outstanding military exploits, the Shunyi County People's Government awarded Jiaozhuanghu Village the glorious title of "People's First Fortress" in November 1947. The "Jiaozhuanghu Tunnel War Site" records the history of the Chinese nation's anti-Japanese struggle and the revolutionary history of the Jiaozhuanghu people's fight against the Japanese invaders. It is an underground battlefield left by the anti-fascist war and the achievements of the Beijing people's anti-Japanese and anti-fascist struggle. In order to commemorate the heroic deeds of the revolutionary martyrs and educate the people on patriotism, the "Jiaozhuanghu Militia Revolutionary Struggle History Exhibition Hall" was established in 1964. In 1979, the Beijing Municipal Government designated it as a "Beijing Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit" and renamed it "Beijing Jiaozhuanghu Tunnel War Site Memorial Hall". It was officially opened to the public in October 1987. Since 1987, governments at all levels have successively invested in the renovation of the memorial hall, expanding roads, repairing tunnels, building new exhibition halls, and restoring anti-Japanese residential houses. At present, the memorial hall is divided into three visiting areas, namely the exhibition hall visiting area, the tunnel visiting area, and the anti-Japanese residential visiting area. On March 28, 2008, as one of the first 100 free museums and memorial halls in China, it was opened to the public free of charge, receiving an average of 400,000 visitors per year. The Beijing Jiaozhuanghu Tunnel Warfare Site Memorial Hall is the only patriotism education base in Beijing that focuses on tunnels. It is the only national patriotism education demonstration base, national red tourism scenic spot, national key cultural relic protection unit, national anti-Japanese war memorial site in Shunyi District, and also a Beijing anti-corruption education base.