Intangible culture with Related Tags
Shadow Play (Beijing Shadow Play)
In the early days, Beijing shadow puppetry was divided into two schools, the Eastern and Western schools. The Eastern school died out very early, and the existing Western school of shadow puppetry was formed during the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty. In 1842, Lu Decheng, a Manchu, inherited the Western school of Beijing shadow puppetry art and established the Beijing Xiangshun shadow puppetry troupe. Since then, the Western school of shadow puppetry has been passed down in the Lu family. Lu Fuyuan, the son of Lu Decheng, established the Fushun shadow puppetry troupe, and Lu Yaofeng, the son of Lu Fuyuan, established the Deshun shadow puppetry troupe. It has been passed down to Lu Yaofeng's son Lu Jingda for four generations, and it has lasted for more than a hundred years. Beijing shadow puppetry has a long formation period and unique expression techniques. Its performance, vocal tunes, and modeling have artistic characteristics different from those of shadow puppets in other regions. Its vocal tunes absorb the vocal tunes and tunes of northern Kunqu Opera, Peking Opera, and Quyi, and it has its own style. The performance is delicate and exaggerated. There are some unique artistic processing techniques, such as the details of the shadow figures looking in the mirror, shedding tears, and dressing up are very real. With the retirement and death of the older generation of artists, Beijing shadow puppetry has no successors. The main inheritor of Beijing Shadow Play, Beijing Shadow Play Troupe, has not had its own troupe for a long time since 1979, and lacks a fixed performance venue. It has been operating in debt for a long time, and the income of performers and staff is low, making it extremely difficult to survive. Under this situation, Beijing Shadow Play has gradually fallen into an endangered situation, lacking people to inherit it, and has gradually faded out of the audience's field of vision. It is urgent for relevant departments to formulate measures to protect it.
Beijing Pingshu
Beijing Pingshu originated in the Tang and Song Dynasties and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is a far-reaching form of folk art in the northern region, mainly spread in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang and other places. The prosperity of the art of "speaking" after the Song Dynasty promoted the formation of long vernacular novels to a certain extent, laying a solid foundation for the final appearance of Beijing Pingshu. When performing Beijing Pingshu, one person sits behind a table, uses folding fans and wake-up sticks as props, and uses gestures and expressions to explain the plot and portray characters. It also often uses ventriloquism to simulate the sounds of wind, rain, cannons, horses, etc. to enhance the rhythm and create an atmosphere. Pingshu has formed a unique set of program specifications in the long-term development process, showing artistic characteristics such as "bold", "tight", "dynamic", and "hot". It uses organizational structures such as "book beams", "return heads", "guanzi", and "bokou", and uses "fu" and "zan" to describe people and things, which is appropriate and precise, and the levels are well-organized. Its performance is full of spoken language, the style is bold and simple, warm and bright, and it is very pleasant and fascinating. The traditional bibliography of Beijing Pingshu mainly includes "Romance of the Eastern Han Dynasty", "Romance of the Western Han Dynasty", "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Biography of Yue Fei", "Three Heroes and Five Gallants", etc. These works have played an educational function of popularizing historical knowledge and highlighting traditional virtues in the process of dissemination, and have cultural value that cannot be underestimated. Since modern times, a large number of performing artists with high artistic standards have emerged in the Beijing Pingshu industry, such as Yuan Kuocheng, Tian Lianyuan, Lian Liru, etc. At present, the increase in literary and artistic forms and the development of mass media have caused unprecedented prosperity in social and cultural life. Against this background, people's interest and enthusiasm in the art of Pingshu has been greatly weakened. This situation has affected the development of Beijing Pingshu, resulting in a decrease in Pingshu practitioners, and the lack of successors to the once glorious excellent folk art. The inheritance is facing great difficulties. It is urgent for relevant parties to take measures as soon as possible to start protection and support.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Bone Setting (Palace Bone Setting)
Chinese medicine bone setting therapy is also known as "injury" or "bone injury department". In ancient agricultural society, the incidence of bone injury was very high, and it was a common and frequently occurring disease. At that time, the medical conditions were very poor, and the transportation in rural border villages was blocked. Once a fracture occurred, it was very difficult to seek treatment. Therefore, practice makes perfect, and demand produces talents. Some larger villages and towns almost always have one or two local doctors and local methods for treating bone injuries. Bone setting therapy has become a widely distributed and diverse Chinese medicine therapy in my country. The characteristics of Chinese medicine bone setting therapy are manifested in three aspects. First, there is a unique understanding of bone physiology and bone injury pathology according to Chinese medicine theory, second, the wonderful use of techniques, and third, the characteristics of drugs. These three points combined often form a unique therapy and a famous school. With the development of society and the extensive and in-depth academic exchanges, Chinese medicine bone injury therapy has a tendency to converge, but the regional characteristics, technique characteristics and drug characteristics of some famous trauma experts and famous trauma schools still exist. Compared with Western medicine bone injury, Chinese bone setting therapy still has its unique advantages. Palace bone setting is based on the orthopedic department of the Shangsiyuan Chuoban in the Qing Dynasty. It is a pure Chinese medicine treatment system for orthopedic diseases such as traumatic injuries, mainly using manual treatment, supplemented by Chinese medicine and Chinese medicine instruments. Through the continuous inheritance and development of the imperial doctors of the Five Dynasties and modern doctors, a unique academic school has been formed. The main characteristics of palace bone setting are "the mechanism is touched from the outside, the skill is born from the inside, the hand moves with the heart, and the method comes from the hand". The method is applied, heavy but not stagnant, light but not floating, "making the patient feel no pain, it is called a method". In the treatment of fractures, the palace bone setting method emphasizes the treatment idea of "correct, whole, connected, and solid"; in the treatment of tendon injuries, the most important characteristics are "light, soft, penetrating, and skillful". The physical objects used in the palace bone setting system are divided into internal Chinese medicine (such as Zijindan for Trauma, Jiangu Zhitong Pills, etc.), external Chinese medicine (such as orthopedic medicine, Trauma Wanying Paste, etc.) and external instruments (such as Yuanshu Paper Paizi). Professor Wu Dinghuan, descendant of Xia Xiwu, the imperial physician in the late Qing Dynasty and professor of the Huguo Temple Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, inherited and carried forward the academic thought and cultural essence of palace bone setting, widely combined with clinical practice, and achieved good clinical efficacy and social benefits. In order to make this traditional Chinese medicine break through the single-line and thin family inheritance chain and carry it forward, it must be protected.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Bone Setting Therapy (Luo's Bone Setting Method)
Chinese medicine bone setting therapy is also known as "injury" or "bone injury department". In ancient agricultural society, the incidence of bone injury was very high, and it was a common and frequently occurring disease. At that time, the medical conditions were very poor, and the transportation in rural border villages was blocked. Once a fracture occurred, it was very difficult to seek treatment. Therefore, practice makes perfect, and demand produces talents. Some larger villages and towns almost always have one or two local doctors and local methods for treating bone injuries. Bone setting therapy has become a widely distributed and diverse Chinese medicine therapy in my country. The characteristics of Chinese medicine bone setting therapy are manifested in three aspects. First, there is a unique understanding of bone physiology and bone injury pathology according to Chinese medicine theory, second, the wonderful use of techniques, and third, the characteristics of drugs. These three points combined often form a unique therapy and a famous school. With the development of society and the extensive and in-depth academic exchanges, Chinese medicine bone injury therapy has a tendency to converge, but the regional characteristics, technique characteristics and drug characteristics of some famous trauma experts and famous trauma schools still exist. Compared with Western medicine bone injury, Chinese bone setting therapy still has its unique advantages. Luo's bone-setting method has a history of more than 300 years. Luo's Chinese medicine bone-setting has many advantages over Western medicine orthopedics in its unique treatment of repositioning, straightening, bone setting, tendon repair, fixation and medication. It is a typical representative of Chinese traditional medicine orthopedics. It is a cultural carrier of the long history of Chinese medicine and has a high historical recognition value and medical research value. Strengthening its protection and inheritance is of great significance to promoting national traditional culture and promoting the development of traditional Chinese medicine orthopedics. As an important inheritor and outstanding representative of Luo's bone-setting method, Luo Youming's noble medical ethics of being kind, saving lives and helping the wounded, and not seeking fame and fortune, as well as his superb medical skills, have been widely recognized by the world and he is known as the "bone-setting master", "orthopedic master", "benevolent master", and "good doctor with benevolent heart". As time goes by, Luo's bone-setting method and Luo Youming Chinese medicine orthopedic hospital are facing unprecedented difficulties and pressures and are in urgent need of national protection.
Traditional construction techniques of Chinese wooden arch bridges
The Chinese craft of building wooden arch bridges with braided beams uses logs, traditional wood construction tools and manual techniques, and core technologies such as "braided beams" to connect and build extremely stable arch bridges with mortise and tenon joints. The construction of wooden arch bridges is directed by a master carpenter and completed by other carpenters. The construction process of carpenters follows strict procedures and is passed down from generation to generation through oral instruction from the master to the apprentice or as a family craft. These families play an irreplaceable role in the construction, maintenance and protection of wooden arch bridges. As a carrier of traditional crafts, wooden arch bridges are both a communication tool and a communication venue. They are important gathering places for local residents. People exchange information, carry out entertainment activities, and hold worship ceremonies on wooden arch bridges, which deepens their feelings and highlights cultural characteristics. In recent years, factors such as accelerated urbanization, scarcity of wood, and insufficient available building space have threatened the inheritance and survival of wooden arch bridge craftsmanship, causing the loss of this traditional craft.
Heritage with Related Tags
Singapore Botanic Gardens
Located in the heart of Singapore, this site showcases the development of a British colonial tropical botanic garden into a modern, world-class scientific institution for conservation and education. The cultural landscape includes a rich collection of historical features, plants and buildings, showcasing the development of the botanic garden since its creation in 1859. Since 1875, it has been an important centre for science, research and plant conservation in Southeast Asia, particularly in the cultivation of rubber plantations.
Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu
Located in Qufu, Shandong Province, are the temple, cemetery, and family residence of Confucius, a great philosopher, statesman, and educator from the 6th and 5th centuries BC. Built in 478 BC in his honor, the temple has been destroyed and rebuilt over the centuries; today, it consists of more than 100 buildings. The Confucius Cemetery contains Confucius' tomb and the remains of more than 100,000 of his descendants. The small residence of the Confucius family grew into a sprawling aristocratic residence, 152 of which remain today. The Qufu complex has retained its outstanding artistic and historical features thanks to the careful construction of successive Chinese emperors over more than 2,000 years.
Boxer Rebellion Memorial Hall
The Xingtai Weixian Boxer Memorial Hall was built with an investment of more than 8 million yuan to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Boxer Movement. It is located at the southern end of the Yihe Square in Weixian County, Xingtai City, covering an area of 40 mu and a construction area of 5,447 square meters. It is a large building that integrates local characteristics, national style, and modern architectural style. The hall systematically displays large-scale exhibitions that fully reflect the Boxer Movement.
Chinese Stone Sculpture Art Park
The Chinese Stone Sculpture Art Park is located in Dashiwo Town, Fangshan District, Beijing, covering an area of 2,400 mu. The park is dominated by stone sculptures. Stone gods, stone tripods, stone bridges and other sculptures are all made of stone from Dashiwo Town. It fully reflects the artistic characteristics of stone sculptures. The main body of the park is divided into two floors. There are 8 main landmark sculptures in the park, and there are more than 100 sculptures such as lotus bridges, auspicious bell pavilions, totem poles, etc. built around it. There is a fountain with a total length of 120 meters in the park, an artificial lake, and Xiaoyue Pavilion, and various flowers are planted. The main landscapes include the White Marble Cultural and Art Palace, stone archway, stone gods, stone tripods, totem stone balls, stone art relief corridors, fitness squares, fountains and other attractions. The entire park is not only for tourists to visit and entertain, but also displays traditional exquisite stone carving art. It is a large park integrating gardening, stone carving skills, stone carving projects, entertainment, leisure and fitness.
White Deer Park
Bailu Park is located in Wangsiying Township in the southern part of Chaoyang District, echoing Guta Park. The planned land area is 430 mu. The area was a place for the royal family to raise white deer during the Ming Dynasty, so it was named "Bailu Park". The park is based on the principle of "landscape is the premise, characteristics are the key, and culture is the soul". It relies on the natural woodland landscape of the suburban park, emphasizes the continuation and inheritance of the traditional cultural context of the region, and integrates ecological leisure, fitness and entertainment into a suburban forest park. The park landscape has four creative features: "ecological priority", "highlighting characteristics", "culture as the soul", and "people-oriented". The park is mainly divided into four functional areas: "Blue Sea Seeking Source" cultural and leisure area; "Summer Brocade Red Maple" central landscape area; "Gorgeous Autumn Fruit" Autumn Fruit Garden Scenic Area; "Leisure Forest and Emotion" green leisure and sports area.