Fengcheng Yue Family Lion

Jiangxi
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Fengcheng Yuejia Lion is a group art performance created by the people of Fengcheng to commemorate the national hero Yue Fei, which combines martial arts and dance, uses boxing to show calligraphy, and dance to reflect the plot. It is said that after Yue Fei was killed, the soldiers of the Yue Family Army drifted to Fengcheng, Jiangxi and other places. They inherited the Yue Family Fist created by Yue Fei (called "Yue Family Hand" by Fengcheng martial artists) to promote Yue Fei's national spirit. Deng Zilong, a Fengcheng native in the Ming Dynasty, learned Yue Family Fist from the famous scholar and martial artist Luo Hongxian (whose ancestor is said to be the descendant of Yue Family Fist) when he was young. Later, he taught martial arts to the surrounding people, blended the local "Zimen Fist" and the Yue Family "Hard Fist" into one, and created the "Yue Family Lion", which fully demonstrated the characteristics of Yue Family Fist, such as majesty, heroism, and danger. Later, Deng Zilong's family generals Deng Yong and Wang Ba inherited this boxing. They "taught 800 disciples", and Yue Family Lion spread throughout Fengcheng and surrounding areas. By the 35th year of the Republic of China, the city had hundreds of Yuejia lion teams, of which more than 30 participated in the Xishan Martial Arts Competition on August 1 of that year. Fengcheng Lion won the championship and became famous. The performance instruments of Fengcheng Yuejia Lion are mainly gongs, drums, and cymbals, which set off the performance atmosphere with changes of tight, slow, light, and heavy. The drum beats are matched with actions such as "taking square steps", "going up the mountain", and "rolling". The main instruments of Yuejia Lion boxing are long spears, copper hammers, broadswords, swords, sticks, iron rakes, spears, three-section whips, water meteors, fire meteors, iron meteors, iron maces, square tables, long wooden benches, etc. The main materials for lion dance are bamboo strips, silk, colored silk, colored silk, colored paper, scissors, ramie, pigments, and homespun cloth. The production of the Yue Family Lion is simple and generous, with a majestic and fierce lion head. The lion body is made of eight feet of cloth. Except for the black, yellow, green and white ramie on the back, there is no decoration. The lion's habits and forms are expressed entirely by the performer's movements. Fengcheng Yue Family Lion performances are concentrated in traditional folk lantern festivals, Xishan Wanshou Palace temple fairs and cultural and sports activities organized by the government. The folk lantern festival is divided into the customs of Hedong and Hexi by the Ganjiang River. Generally speaking, the folk lantern festival in Hedong is concentrated from the seventh day of the first lunar month to the Lantern Festival. During this period, almost every village has dragon lantern and lion dance activities. The folk festival in Hexi is concentrated from the twenty-seventh day of the seventh lunar month to the tenth day of the eighth lunar month. To perform the Yue Family Lion, there are about five or six dancers, and gong and drum accompaniment artists are required. The performers are dressed in unique costumes, and all wear warrior backpacks with the words "soldier" and "brave" printed on their chests and backs. After the meteor opens the scene, the Yue Family martial arts are performed. The Yue Family Spear comes out first, followed by the Yue Family Hammer, and the other weapons are in no particular order. Then the lion dance comes out. The performance program is divided into three dance sections. The first section is "Meteor Leads the Lion". The lion comes out under the guidance of the meteor, performing actions such as "stretching the neck", "stretching lazily", "combing the beard", "0 dust", and "worshiping the mother". The accompanying actions of the meteor include "snowflakes covering the top", "meteors chasing the moon", "meteors passing the back", and "chain hands". The second dance section is "flat ground lion dance". The lion dances on the flat ground with the accompaniment of the meteor, showing the lion's majesty. This section is also composed of four small dance sections, namely "stretching the neck", "stretching lazily", "combing the beard", and "0 dust". The third dance section is "lion climbing high". It is also called "going up the seat", also known as going up the mountain or going up the table, that is, performing actions such as "drinking water" and "fishing" on the square table. After the lion performs at the first seat, it goes down the mountain (that is, going down the seat, going down the table), at this time roaring, rolling, getting irritated, dancing wildly, and being extremely ferocious. After lying down to rest for a while, the lion washes and dusts itself again, and jumps onto the second seat. Layer by layer, it climbs up again and again. The number of layers and the difficulty of the process depend on the performer's skills, strength, skills, and courage. After the male lion climbs to the last layer, the lion-breaker comes on stage. The lion-breaker picks up the stakes and uses his "iron plate big hands" to push the male lion away from left and right, and fights fiercely with the male lion. After the lion-breaker leads the lion down the mountain, he grabs the lion's head and dances with the lion. The male lion breaks free and rushes up the mountain (i.e. the square table). The lion-breaker climbs over the mountains (i.e. crosses the table) and fights fiercely with the lion. In the intensive drums, the lion head, lion tail and lion-breaker come on stage to "appear" for the last time. The inheritance lineage of Fengcheng Yue Family Lion is clear. From Yue Fei's self-created Yuejiaquan, to Deng Zilong and his disciples' pioneering and development of Yuejiashi, to Luobu Jinji (commonly known as Chen Zhouxiang), Xiefang Yanguizi (commonly known as You Guiqi) and others in the Qing Dynasty, and Xu Laozuo in Xiqiao and others inherited and developed this skill, which has lasted for hundreds of years. After the founding of New China, Zuo Xigen taught Yuejiashou and Yuejiashi in the surrounding areas of Fengcheng, with more than 200 apprentices, and the more outstanding ones were Xie Xingou and Xie Meihe from Hezhou. The preserved Yuejiashi teams include Zuojia in Yangfang, Sundu Township, Xiejia in Hezhou Street Office, Weili in Hezhou Street Office, Ludongganjia in Xiaogang Town, Meilin Village in Meilin Township, Xiayuan Village in Xiaogang Town, Jiuchen Xiachen in Rongtang Town, Zoujia in Xiaoqiao, Hezhou Street Office, and Fengjia in Tuochuan Town. Fengcheng Yuejiashi combines martial arts and dance, which can not only strengthen the body, but also inspire people's will, and has great cultural value.

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