The Bimo culture originated in the primitive matriarchal clan period. The Bimo was originally the priest and tribal leader of the ancient Yi society, with high prestige and status, and its culture has a long history. "Huayang Guozhi? Nanzhongzhi" records that "there are cunning and eloquent people among the Yi people, who are called elders and become the leaders. The discussion is good at using metaphors, which is called Yijing". The "singing master" system recorded in "Xinxi Yizhi" also shows that as early as two thousand years ago, there were Bimos carrying sticks, holding bells, and shaking magic fans to go deep into each household to perform Bimo. [Distribution area] Bimo music is mainly distributed in Meigu, Zhaojue, Butuo and other places in Daliangshan and Ebian, Mabian and other Yi areas in Xiaoliangshan. It is especially famous for its unique style, rich content and diverse forms in Meigu County. The Bimo music in Meigu County is mainly distributed in more than 20 towns where Bimos have lived for generations, such as Lama Ajue Township, Heguluo Township, Suluo Township, Saku Township, Luooyigan Township, Yiguojue Township, and Bapu Town. 【Basic content】 Bimo music is an ancient music art that Bimo used to tell stories, tell history, explore the origin of all things, and shape characters (including ghosts, gods, etc.) in ritual activities by reciting and singing, thereby expressing thoughts and emotions, reflecting real (historical) life, and expressing ambitions and wishes. Bimo tunes can be divided into two categories: recitation and singing. Recitation is mainly based on speaking, which can be divided into low-voice chanting and high-voice calling. It has a strong rhythm, distinct syllables, and ups and downs. Low-voice chanting is mainly used in ceremonies such as divination and choosing auspicious days, such as sheep scapula divination, wood carving divination, and egg divination. There are special oral recitations with fast rhythm, distinct syllables, and sentences of varying lengths. High-voice calling can be used in various rituals, with a high-pitched and beautiful voice, and is often used in conjunction with singing. It has a strong rhythm, distinct syllables, ups and downs, and a large variation in sentence structure, mainly five-word and seven-word, supplemented by three-word, nine-word, eleven-word, thirteen-word, and even fifteen-word and seventeen-word. There are more than ten kinds of singing, such as narrative singing, toast singing, sending spirits and offering tea singing, stating the origin singing, flattery singing, etc. Singing is the main form of Bimo Sutra recitation. According to different ritual occasions and different scriptures and documents, different tunes are used for singing, which can be roughly divided into more than 20 kinds, such as worship seat singing, tea offering singing, purification singing, spirit speaking singing, source speaking singing, circle protection singing, soul summoning singing, narrative singing, consolation singing, marriage singing, etc. For example, worship seat singing is mainly sung in the process of worshiping and inviting spirits, and the melody is high-pitched and beautiful; tea offering singing is sung when offering to ancestors, etc., and the melody is short, powerful and pleasant. Throwing away singing is used in the ceremony of removing various diseases, and its singing is heavy and hoarse, low and gentle; circle protection singing is used in the ceremony of taking in new population (infants, daughters-in-law), blocking and preventing skin rashes, protecting land and crops, etc., and the melody is delicate and gentle, and it is melancholy and moving. The melody of Tongshen Tune is sung by Suni or Bimo who also serves as Suni. The melody is clear, soft, graceful and beautiful. The melody of summoning souls is broad, bright, bold and powerful. The melody of raising spirits is sung in ceremonies such as sorting out the tablets for ancestors and guiding the ancestors' souls to the ancestral world. The melody is sad and gentle, like a song and a cry. The narrative tune is used in the ceremony of sending souls back to the ancestors. The chanting documents include "Duoti" (Tracing the Origin) on the origin of all things. The melody is bold, tragic and sonorous. The consolation tune is used in the ceremony of sending souls back to the ancestors. It has the meaning of consoling the dead to cut off worldly thoughts and the living to stop mourning. The words are affectionate and touching, and the melody is light, pleasant and lively. The marriage tune is used in the marriage ceremony of the ceremony of sending souls back to the ancestors. It means letting the ancestors' souls get married and build a family in the ancestral world, and at the same time praying for the prosperity of descendants. The melody is passionate, lively and full of joy. Most of the rhetoric of Bimo music is rhymed after long-term smelting and cultivation. In terms of expression, the rhetoric is appropriate and rich, the words are beautiful, clear and fluent, and have strong artistic appeal; in terms of narrative content, it follows the principle of "the hungry sing about their food, the tired sing about their work", the poetry is easy to understand, artistic, and easy to be remembered and chanted; in terms of language format, it is generally based on five-character and seven-character poems, supplemented by other formats, with various forms but not deviating from the essence, and its rhyme is sonorous and powerful, and it is easy to recite; in terms of creation, bold imagination, magical conception, and flying emotions greatly exaggerate the expressiveness and appeal of art; in terms of description, whether it is the description of the scene or the portrayal of the characters, whether it is the use of bright color contrast or the use of natural metaphors, whether it is a light description or an incisive and detailed description, whether it is based on time or space, it is full of gorgeous national characteristics. [Basic characteristics] The music melody of Bimo tune is gorgeous and colorful. The tune can be sad and lingering, high and bold, sad and gentle, delicate and exquisite, broad and bright, or melodious and joyful. When the tune is beautiful and moving, it makes people feel as if the spring breeze is blowing on their faces; when it is passionate and unrestrained, it is like a thousand horses galloping; when the tune is broad and bright, it seems to add a lot of tenacious and solid will to people; when the tune is low and depressed, it suddenly brings a bit of anxiety; when the tune is clear and soft, it seems to be strolling in the gentle breeze and beautiful sun; when the tune is rough and strong, it seems to be struggling in 1. It has a very unique style. Bimo music has the following characteristics: (1) Bimo music has a general introduction at the beginning and a general epilogue at the end. There is a general introduction at the beginning of each tune and each section, and the lyrics are generally replaced by suggestive function words. For example: "Ah ha huo oh", "Se ye tang", "N ye tang", "N ye", "N tang", "N ah", "oh", "ah", etc. indicate that the singing has begun. The melodies of these introductions can be extended freely, with obvious vibrato and dragging, and some notes can even be sung very unsteadily to show that the singing is pleasant and the singing is beautiful. (2) Bimo music has many embedded words. There are embedded words at the beginning or end of each sentence. The embedded words are generally function words, such as "Ni Tang", "Ni Ah", "Oh", and "Ah", which are used to indicate the rise or fall of the melody. (3) The structure of Bimo music is relatively rich. There are two tunes irregularly alternating with each other to form a song, two tunes regularly alternating to form a song, one tune is repeated many times, and two tunes are repeated to form a song. (4) The format is generally determined by the length of the sentence. Most of them are based on five-word and seven-word sentences, supplemented by three-word, nine-word, eleven-word, and even thirteen-word and fifteen-word sentences. For example, the sentence format of "Songling Tune" is varied, with two-sentence, two-four-one, two-two-one, four-four-two-one, and other sentence formats. (5) Generally, it is composed of a series of melodies, and several sentences are used to form sections, paragraphs, and even chapters. The melodies are simple and clear when sung. (6) It is usually sung solo, accompanied by the crisp and rhythmic sound of the sacred bell, and recited by one Bimo. However, in some special ceremonies, it can be sung by many people or even dozens of people in unison, on a large scale. [Basic Value] 1. Historical Value. Bimo music is religious music created by Bimos and sung in specific Bimo ritual places. As an ancient art passed down by word of mouth by Bimos, it has become a unique form of spreading Bimo culture with its unique modulation, singing and chanting. It not only complements and runs parallel with folk music, and together constructs the essence of Yi music art, but also plays an irreplaceable role in the spread and preservation of Yi Bimo culture as a means of spreading native religion. At the same time, most of the ancient poems were accompanied by music, that is, they were spread by singing. Therefore, when examining the tradition of poetry, poetry is a song accompanied by music. Whether it is the "Three Hundred Poems" known as the source of poetry or the "Chu Ci" known as the brilliant and elegant poetry, they are basically chanted or sung. However, as time goes by, these ancient song and poetry traditions are mostly submerged in the long river of history. We can only rely on records to imagine the scenes of ancient people singing poems. However, the Yi Bimo music has completely preserved this ancient song and poetry tradition in its ancient, original and living form, becoming a "living fossil" in the history of music. 2. Cultural value. Bimo music is the arsenal of the Yi people's song and poetry tradition. It provides a rare example for spreading Bimo culture and witnessing the long-lost tradition of song and poetry. Like Bimo culture itself, Bimo music is the result of continuous creation and arrangement by successive Bimos in long-term ritual practice for thousands of years. Since Bimo music has no fixed genealogy, and the different branches of inheritance are purely based on family inheritance, supplemented by the father-son or master-apprentice method of passing on the music through oral transmission, the singing and chanting styles of each branch are slightly different. For thousands of years, the various singing and chanting styles have been taught by the master one by one, and the apprentices have memorized them one by one, and then gradually practiced them in the ceremony. It is precisely because of this strict inheritance method that Bimo music has survived to this day. At the same time, Bimo music is spread through rituals. A ritual process is a process of spreading and accepting music. On the one hand, Bimo realizes the transmission of its culture through rituals, allowing the participants of the ritual to feel the ancient cultural form and strengthen their emotions for the ritual; on the other hand, the participants provide reference for enriching their folk songs and poems by accepting Bimo music. Small ceremonies can last for a few hours, while large ceremonies can last for several days and nights. Dozens of volumes of Bimo classics are chanted. The length of each volume of poetry varies, from dozens of words to thousands of words. It can be called a poetry chanting meeting. The tunes are different. For example, the music for entertaining gods and offering sacrifices is often mysterious, distant, simple and elegant. Some of the music for spells express hatred for demons and monsters with rapid singing like drum beats, while some express thoughts and emotions with deep, sad and sad tunes. The music for summoning souls has more layers of agility, illusion and poignant colors. The music for funerals is often full of pity, lingering, sad and moving inner feelings, which makes people cry. At the same time, Bimo music is a unity of form and content, mainly five-word poems, but there are also two-word, three-word, seven-word, nine-word, eleven-word poems, etc. The same volume of Bimo poetry has both uniform rhythmic beauty and staggered flexible beauty. Its music varies according to the content. 3. Artistic value. Bimo music is the cornerstone of Yi culture. It provides a reference for enriching modern music and is of great value for inheriting excellent national culture. Bimo music, as a wonderful flower grown in the thick soil of Yi culture, has been inherited and developed along its own track from the beginning, condensing the wisdom of the Yi people. Its content covers almost the entire Yi culture, including politics, economy, philosophy, literature and art, medicine, military, customs and rituals. Therefore, Bimo music, which has been passed down for thousands of years, has forged the spiritual product of Yi music culture with its unique way of dissemination, and has become a unique cultural landscape in the multi-integrated culture of the Chinese nation, especially in the "Tibetan-Yi Corridor" with its special style and interest; secondly, it has provided a rare reference for the development of modern national music art and has become a unique "living fossil" in the history of ancient music development. 4. Social value. Bimo music is a vivid embodiment and important witness of the Yi people's ultimate humanistic care. It is the main bond that connects and strengthens the national identity and psychological identity among the Yi nationality members. It is of great significance for the interpretation of national self-confidence and the strengthening of national unity. At the same time, with its profound educational nature, it plays an irreplaceable role in providing traditional cultural paradigms and combining education with entertainment.