Jiajiang Bamboo Paper Making Technique

Sichuan
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Papermaking is one of the four great inventions of ancient my country. Jiajiang County, Sichuan Province and Fuyang City, Zhejiang Province are important production areas of bamboo paper. Jiajiang's environment is suitable for bamboo growth. The local area began to "hand-make paper with bamboo materials" in the Tang Dynasty. The bamboo paper making technique flourished in the Ming Dynasty and flourished in the Qing Dynasty. Since the Tang Dynasty, Jiajiang has enjoyed the reputation of "the hometown of Shu paper". Jiajiang paper is famous for its good quality, variety, large scale and sophisticated technology. It was once designated as tribute paper by Emperor Kangxi. Jiajiang bamboo paper is made by hand-scooping paper. From material selection to papermaking, there are 15 links and 72 processes, which is consistent with the records of "Heavenly Creations" in the Ming Dynasty. Jiajiang handmade calligraphy and painting paper produced with tender bamboo as the main material has the characteristics of whiteness, softness, ink retention, fine fiber, softness and flatness. It is as famous as Anhui Xuan paper and was praised by the master of Chinese painting Mr. Zhang Daqian as "the second treasure of the country". With the changes of the times, the production of Jiajiang handmade paper is facing a crisis, the supply of raw materials is difficult, and there is a lack of people to inherit. Although there are more than a thousand papermaking workshops in Jiajiang County, traditional handmade paper production in the strict sense is rare. Therefore, it is necessary to protect, rescue and excavate the Jiajiang bamboo paper making technique, an intangible cultural heritage with historical, cultural and scientific value. Zhejiang Fuyang has long been known as the "hometown of local paper". Its bamboo paper making technique began in the Southern Song Dynasty and has been passed down from generation to generation for more than a thousand years. Now Fuchun bamboo paper is mainly produced in the mountainous area on the south bank of Fuchun River and in Qingyun, Longyang, Xindeng and other places. Fuchun bamboo paper has the characteristics of soft paper. Even if it is rolled and stretched for too long, the ink will not appear. At the same time, it is not easy to be eaten by moths. Historically, famous Fuchun bamboo paper has emerged, which is sold domestically and exported to Japan, South Korea, Singapore, the Philippines and other countries. Among them, Changshan paper won the title of the highest special product of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce in 1915, the second prize of the Panama International Commodity Fair, and the third prize of the Beijing National Products Exhibition in 1926. Jingfang paper won the second prize of the Panama International Commodity Fair in 1915 and the third prize of the Beijing National Products Exhibition in 1926. Yuanshu paper and Wujin paper won the special prize of the Hangzhou West Lake Expo in 1929, and Brush Yellow Paper and Wuqianshu Paper won the first prize of the West Lake Expo in 1929. Fuchun bamboo paper has formed a set of unique production techniques on the basis of inheriting my country's traditional papermaking techniques, such as the "human urine fermentation method" in pulping techniques and the "curtain-swinging and wave-beating method" in copying techniques, which are all unique techniques of Fuyang bamboo paper production and are not available in other bamboo paper producing areas. Fuchun bamboo paper production techniques are the crystallization of wisdom formed by Fuyang papermaking craftsmen in long-term production practice, and are also an important case of inheriting and carrying forward the great invention of papermaking in ancient my country. Along with the inheritance of Fuchun papermaking skills, the Fuyang area has also derived folk cultural contents such as the annual worship of Cai Lun, papermaking proverbs, folk songs and the long folk narrative ballad "Zhu San and Liu Erjie", which shows that Fuyang papermaking skills contain rich historical and cultural connotations. Although there are still people who follow the traditional papermaking skills to produce bamboo paper, due to various reasons, the production is in a dilemma. In addition, most of the papermaking craftsmen are old, and the traditional Fuchun bamboo paper making skills are lacking successors and are on the verge of extinction, which urgently needs to be rescued and protected.

Intangible culture related to the heritage

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