Paper-cutting (Yanchuan paper-cutting)

Shaanxi
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Yanchuan paper-cutting is one of the distinctive folk arts in Yanchuan County, Shaanxi Province, with a long history. Its origin is related to the local folk custom of praying for blessings and exorcising disasters, and it is also often used in folk religious sacrificial activities. The origin of Yanchuan paper-cutting was discovered early but buried among the people. It was not until 1985 that it gradually developed and prospered. It entered its mature stage in the 1990s and reached its peak in the new century. More than 10 paper-cutting masters such as Gao Fenglian, Guo Rulin, Gao Hexiao, Liu Jieqiong, Liu Xiaojuan, and Yuan Suihua emerged, forming a huge team of 15,000 people. In 1991, it was named "National Modern Folk Painting Hometown" by the Ministry of Culture of the Central Government. In 2004, it was named "Hometown of Folk Paper-cutting" by the Provincial Department of Culture. Yanchuan paper-cutting is on the verge of extinction due to the promotion of modern civilized society, the impact of multiculturalism, and the restriction of the extinction of art. Protecting and rescuing Yanchuan paper-cutting will play a positive role in promoting and promoting the enrichment and development of Chinese folk art and even world art. Yanchuan paper-cutting has various forms, a wide range of themes, concise and simple shapes, rough and thick, passionate and unrestrained, with a strong local flavor and distinct local characteristics. Generally, it has a square or round outer contour, with thick lines, which is convenient for cutting and pasting and imitation cutting. The composition is tight, the main and the secondary are clear, and the charm is rich. The expression techniques are divided into freehand and realistic. Freehand works come from women with cheerful personalities, bold and quick work; realistic works come from women with introverted personalities and careful and cautious personalities. Since the 1980s, a group of middle-aged and young paper-cutting masters have emerged. Their works combine realism and romanticism and have a modern life atmosphere. Yanchuan paper-cutting is widely used in local social life. Paper-cutting is indispensable for festivals, weddings and funerals. In the local folk, paper-cutting and housework are important ways for working women to show their talents. A local folk proverb says: "Girls need to be clever, and pomegranates and peonies are good at cutting." Yanchuan paper-cutting is a folk art created by women. It often reflects the diverse and interesting social customs and family life. There are two types of expression techniques: freehand and realistic, which are mostly related to the author's personality. By the 1990s, there were more than 15,000 local paper-cutting authors, and their representatives included Gao Fenglian, Guo Rulin, Gao Hexiao, Liu Jieqiong, Liu Xiaojuan, Yuan Suihua, etc. The themes involved in Yanchuan paper-cutting include gods and Buddhas, auspicious celebrations, farming, festival customs, characters, stories, birds and animals, spinning and weaving, landscapes and flowers, reproduction and breeding, etc., and are mostly expressed in the form of window flowers, wall flowers, ceiling flowers, lamp flowers and fireworks. The pictures are simple, the structure is strict, and the main and secondary are clear. The images are simple, with square or round outlines and thick lines that are easy to cut and paste, and have a rough, thick, passionate and unrestrained local style. Today, Yanchuan paper-cutting is on the verge of extinction due to the impact of modern civilization, and it needs to be rescued and protected.

Intangible culture related to the heritage

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