China is a unified multi-ethnic country. There are currently 56 ethnic groups that have been identified and confirmed by the central government. Among them, the 55 ethnic groups other than the Han nationality are customarily called "ethnic minorities" because their population is relatively small compared to the Han nationality. China's ethnic minorities are widely distributed. The formation of each ethnic group has gone through a process of differentiation or integration for at least two thousand years. The ethnic cultures also have their own long-term development history and traditions. The ethnic costumes are colorful and the clothing culture is particularly rich. This issue shows you the Hani costumes. The Hani people are one of the ancient ethnic groups in China's southwestern frontier. Most of them are distributed in the middle area between the Red River and the Lancang River in southern Yunnan Province. They are a mountain farming ethnic group that cultivates terraced fields and grows rice. The unique living environment has formed the Hani people's colorful clothing culture. The Hani costumes are varied and colorful, with exquisite craftsmanship, and there are more than 100 different styles. Adapting to terraced farming labor, having common embroidery patterns, decorative items and aesthetic colors are the basic characteristics of the Hani costumes. The Hani people regard black as beautiful, solemn and holy. They regard black as auspicious, life and protective colors. Therefore, black is the main color of Hani clothing. Hani clothing is the essence of Hani traditional culture. It is not only a simple thing to keep warm and windproof, but also carries extremely rich cultural information. The decorative items and embroidery patterns on Hani clothing are essentially a reflection of the geographical environment of the living area of their own ethnic group, and also a commemoration and record of the heroic deeds of their ancestors. The clothing of the Hani people varies from place to place due to different branches. Generally, they like to use the same color of Hani cloth to make clothes. Men mostly wear double-breasted tops and trousers, and wrap their heads with black or white cloth. Women mostly wear collarless tops, and wear trousers or skirts of varying lengths. The edges of the lapels and sleeves are embroidered with colorful lace, and they wear embroidered waistcoats and various styles of silver ornaments on their chests. The clothing culture of the Hani people is colorful and endless, reflecting the diligence, bravery and wisdom of the Hani people.